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MISCELLANEOUS OCCUPATIONS
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BAKERIES
In the past, bakery products were consumed only by the European officials and later by a small group of Indian influenced by the Western
habits. The demand for bakery products was limited and so also its supply. But now, many have taken fancy to the bakery products and have made item their mod-habit. This might perhaps be due to the cheapness and ready availability of these products. However these product-do not serve as complete substitutes for the traditional everyday meals to which the local populace is accustomed.
Bakeries are generally located at tahsil headquarters and arc rarely found in other parts of the district. They generally undertake production and sale of the processed food-stuff. Most of the bakeries in the district are small in size.
As per 1921 Census, there was not a single baker and biscuit maker in the district. As per 1961 Census, 96 persons (91 males
5 females) were engaged in the production of bread, biscuits, cake and other bakery products. Of these 90 persons engaged in bakeries. 90 persons (85 males, 5 females) were in urban areas
of the district.
The persons who undertake the actual production of bread, biscuits and those who manage the bakeries or are engaged in the sale of the same products are the two main constituents of the establishment.
The raw material required by the bakeries for the production a bread, biscuits, etc., consisted of oil,
gur, maida, yeast, sugar,hydrogenated oil, butter, essences, soda, etc. The expenditure of a small bakery on these items amounted to Rs. 1,200 per month.the bakeries purchased these above mentioned articles from local dealers.
It was found that the equipment of a bakery consisted of an oven or bhatti, a wooden table, small iron sheet boxes, iron rod-, moulds, vessels, and cupboards and shelves to store the processed products. The cost of tools and equipment of a small bakery ranged between Rs. 300 and Rs. 500 The bakeries used firewood as fuel for baking and in a few cases electricity. The expenditure of a bakery on fuel amounted to Rs. 120 per month.
The fixed capital required by a small bakery for the purchase of tools and equipment varied from Rs. 200 to Rs. 600. The working capital of the same unit amounted to about Rs. 1,300.
A very few establishments employed labourers. Where workers were employed, their payment varied from Rs. 50 to Rs. 150 per month, depending upon the nature of the work and the skill involved in its performance. An average establishment earned a net income varying from Rs. 50 to Rs. 250 per month. The expenditure on rent ranged between Rs. 10 and Rs. 55 per month.
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