|
|
 |
BANKING TRADE AND COMMERCE
|
 |
STATE AID TO AGRICULTURE
India being primarily an agricultural country her prosperity depends to a large extent upon the productivity of land and the economic conditions of the farmers. The productivity of land, however, is limited by a number of factors such as uneconomic holdings, dependence of agriculture upon the vagaries of monsoon, etc. The factors affecting economic conditions of the agriculturist, are low productivity of soil, inefficient and unskilled labour, etc. These factors together render the agriculturist incapable of improving agriculture solely by his own efforts. What he needs most is financial assistance.
The need for financing agriculture was realised very early and assistance was given from time to time during the pre-British period. Under the British rule a number of Tagai Acts providing finance were passed. But the agriculturist began to receive active assistance only after the Land Improvement Loans Act of 1883 and the Agriculturists' Loans Act of 1884 were passed. The former Act is broadly concerned with long-term finance and the latter with short-term accommodation.
Land Improvement Loans Act of 1883.
Loans under this Act are granted to cultivators for works of
improvement on land, such as construction of wells and tanks, preparation of land for irrigation, drainage, reclamation,
enclosures, etc. The Collector, Prant Officers and Mamlatdars are authorised to grant loans to the extent of 8½ per cent of the total amount of loans to be disbursed, i.e., 16 pies per rupee per annum. In particular cases, however, the Government may
reduce the rate of interest or may not charge any interest. The loan is given where the grantor is satisfied as to the security with a margin of safety. Generally immovable property is demanded as security against loans to be advanced under this Act.
This Act was in force in one form or another from 1871.
Loans under it were chiefly given for the sinking of wells, the eradication of shrubs and deep-rooted weeds from fields and the making of embankments. In the thirty years from 1877-1907 a sum of only two lakhs of rupees was advanced, and of this Rs. 30,000 were given out in the famine years of 1896-97 and 1897-98 and almost a lakh in 1899-1900 and 1900-01. In 1908 also, as the 1907 rains were a partial failure, it was thought well to stimulate the demand for labour by this means and about Rs. 83,500 were advanced. Barring these years the average yearly amount advanced to cultivators in ordinary times was only Rs. 2,631.
Agriculturists' Loans Act, 1884.
Loans under this Act are granted to holders of arable lands for purchase of seed, fodder, agricultural stock or implements. They are also granted to hire cattle, to rebuild houses destroyed by calamities, to meet the monetary needs of cultivators while engaged in work on land or to achieve some such purpose. The rate of interest, the type of security and the terms and conditions for the grant of loan are the same as under the Land Improvement Loans Act of 1883.
This Act was applied to Berar in 1891. Loans granted under this Act were not considerable. In the famine years (1896 to 1898) about Rs. 84,000 were distributed and in 1908 Rs. 13.375 But apart from these exceptional cases the average yearly amount was hardly over Rs. 1,000.
"Many reasons were given for the comparative unpopularity of the Government loans, the most common being perhaps, the delays connected with the system. To this may be added a few, factors, which elsewhere also operate against the success of tagai. Government occupied an infinitely stronger position than the ordinary creditor, and insisted upon prompt repayment; the latter, moreover, would lend for marriages and the like ceremonies which made indebtedness a social necessity to the average cultivator, and he was naturally charged of doing so when the land was already pledged to a far stronger claimant; hence the cultivator who might need such a loan was careful not to do anything which might endanger his chance of getting it."[Amravati District Gazetteer (year 1911), page 225-6.]
What seemed necessary was an improved system of distri-bution. In the Melghat area especially, the cultivation was more backward, and the Korkus were heavily indebted and paid most extortionate interest on their scanty loans. Such conditions ruled for a very long time in Amravati district. During the mean time the Government assistance was continued without involving any important change in the distribution.
With the advent of Independence, the agricultural sector of
the district economy received top priority as far as Government
assistance was considered, and necessary changes were introduced
in the distribution of tagai loans. The amount of loans was also
increased with a view to stepping up agricultural production.
Thus, besides the above two Acts (viz., the Agriculturists' Loans
Act and Land Improvement Loans Act), the Government also extended loans and subsidies to agriculturists under the Grow More Food campaign launched by the Government.
TABLE No. 15
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO AGRICULTURE, DISTRICT AMRAVATI
Particulars |
Year |
Loans Under Land Improvement Loans Act, 1883 |
Loans Under Agriculturists' Loans Act, 1884 |
Financial Assistance Under Grow More Food Campaign |
Any other Loans (For project area) |
Loans |
Cash Subsides |
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5A) |
(5B) |
(6) |
| | |
Rs. |
Rs. |
Rs. |
Rs. |
Rs. |
|
1. Applications pending at beginning of |
1952-53 |
968 |
573 |
184 |
-- |
-- |
|
the year. |
1953-54 |
1,054 |
548 |
135 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1954-55 |
2,042 |
642 |
196 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1955-56 |
1,087 |
822 |
275 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1956-57 |
761 |
110 |
143 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1957-58 |
50 |
20 |
10 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1958-59 |
236 |
134 |
14 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1959-60 |
45 |
25 |
11 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1960-61 |
325 |
175 |
40 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1961-62 |
18 |
12 |
2 |
-- |
-- |
|
2. Amount involved |
1952-53 |
25,150 |
57,300 |
1,84.000 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1953-54 |
10,700 |
50,300 |
1,35,000 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1954-55 |
40,400 |
60,400 |
1,96,000 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1955-56 |
1,08,700 |
87,200 |
2,75,000 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1956-57 |
7,600 |
1,10,000 |
1,43,000 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1957-58 |
5,000 |
1,00,000 |
1,50,000 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1958-59 |
23,600 |
1,15,000 |
1,40,000 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1959-60 |
45,000 |
1,75,000 |
1,10,000 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1960-61 |
3,25,000 |
1,25,000 |
1,40,000 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1961-62 |
18,000 |
12,000 |
20,000 |
-- |
-- |
3. No. of applications received during the |
1952-53 |
6,565 |
2,735 |
376 |
-- |
-- |
year. |
1953-54 |
8,866 |
6,147 |
837 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1954-55 |
8,153 |
6,132 |
735 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1955-56 |
4,429 |
3,723 |
487 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1956-57 |
5,691 |
3,215 |
345 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1957-58 |
2,837 |
2,169 |
175 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1958-59 |
3,413 |
1,387 |
158 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1959-60 |
7,738 |
4,249 |
632 |
-- |
843 |
-- |
1960-61 |
6,135 |
2,630 |
547 |
-- |
1,157 |
-- |
1961-62 |
5,195 |
3,289 |
749 |
-- |
1,345 |
4. Total amount applied for by these |
1952-53 |
9,51,150 |
9,27,000 |
13,45,000 |
-- |
-- |
applicants. |
1953-54 |
4,42,300 |
8,31,700 |
20,23,500 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1954-55 |
4,84,600 |
12,32,600 |
17,35,000 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1955-56 |
8,84,900 |
5,44,600 |
15,48,000 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1956-57 |
1,03,800 |
3,21,500 |
6,90,000 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1957-58 |
1,84,900 |
6,50,700 |
19,75,400 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1958-59 |
2,82,600 |
4,95,000 |
15,80,000 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1959-60 |
8,97,080 |
15,49,000 |
12,64,000 |
-- |
84,300 |
-- |
1960-61 |
9,27,000 |
12,52,000 |
15,75,000 |
-- |
1,45,500 |
-- |
1961-62 |
15,58,500 |
16,44,500 |
9,74,500 |
-- |
2,07,300 |
5. No. of applications sanctioned |
1952-53 |
3,255 |
1,745 |
323 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1933-54 |
5,568 |
3,707 |
630 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1954-55 |
6,853 |
3,247 |
579 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1955-56 |
3,971 |
2,372 |
431 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1956-57 |
3,503 |
3,185 |
375 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1957-58 |
2,235 |
2,000 |
150 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1958-59 |
2,160 |
1,336 |
147 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1959-60 |
6,943 |
3,163 |
470 |
-- |
757 |
-- |
1960-61 |
6,135 |
2,464 |
580 |
-- |
1,052 |
-- |
1961-62 |
4,652 |
2,949 |
603 |
-- |
1,053 |
TABLE No. 15-contd.
Particulars |
Year |
Loans Under Land Improvement Loans Act, 1883 |
Loans Under Agriculturists' Loans Act, 1884 |
Financial Assistance Under Grow More Food Campaign |
Any other Loans (For project area) |
Loans |
Cash Subsidies |
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5A) |
(5B) |
(6) |
| |
|
Rs. |
Rs. |
Rs. |
Rs. |
Rs. |
|
6. Total amount asked for in 5 above |
1952-53 |
5,26,250 |
7,35,800 |
11,24,000 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1953-54 |
3,39,000 |
8,23,000 |
20,28,000 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1954-55 |
4,38,750 |
11,75,400 |
18,25,600 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1955-56 |
9,80,400 |
4,35,500 |
17,33,100 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1956-57 |
75,400 |
3,75,100 |
7,21,500 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1957-58 |
1,29,000 |
6,35,000 |
19,22,000 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1958-59 |
1,37,000 |
5,47,000 |
14,87,000 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1959-60 |
6,37,000 |
16,08,000 |
12,45,000 |
-- |
97,000 |
|
-- |
1960-61 |
9,45,000 |
12,50,000 |
15,74,000 |
-- |
1,85,000 |
|
-- |
1961-62 |
12,13,500 |
13,36,000 |
7,47,500 |
-- |
2,03,500 |
|
7. Total amount actually sanctioned during |
1952-53 |
4,43,360 |
6,53,448 |
9,00,572 |
-- |
-- |
|
the year. |
1953-54 |
2,34,994 |
7,20,067 |
17,39,560 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1954-55 |
3,94,625 |
10,46,302 |
15,60,231 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1955-56 |
8,89,860 |
3,30,275 |
15,60,797 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1956-57 |
27,635 |
3,19,099 |
6,26,904 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1957-58 |
64,178 |
5,10,176 |
17,60,231 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1958-59 |
79,530 |
4,59,950 |
12,10,115 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1959-60 |
5,24,067 |
14,12,072 |
11,81,978 |
-- |
75,700 |
|
-- |
1960-61 |
7,34,235 |
10,10,033 |
13,36,460 |
-- |
1,05,250 |
|
-- |
1961-62 |
10,23,050 |
11,20,124 |
6,60,456 |
-- |
1,05,350 |
|
8. Total amount actually disbursed during |
1952-53 |
4,43,360 |
6,53,448 |
9,00,572 |
-- |
-- |
|
the year. |
1953-54 |
2,34,994 |
7,20,067 |
17,39,560 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1954-55 |
3,94,625 |
10,46,302 |
15,60,231 |
-- |
|
-- |
1955-56 |
8,89,860 |
3,30,275 |
15,60,797 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1956-57 |
27,635 |
3,19,099 |
6,26,904 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1957-58 |
64,178 |
5,10,176 |
17,60,231 |
-- |
|
-- |
1958-59 |
79,530 |
4,59,950 |
12,10,115 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1959-60 |
5,24,067 |
14,12,072 |
11,81,978 |
-- |
75,700 |
|
-- |
1960-61 |
7,34,235 |
10,10,033 |
13,36,460 |
-- |
1,05,250 |
|
-- |
1961-62 |
10,23,050 |
11,20,124 |
6,60,456 |
-- |
1,05,350 |
|
9. Total loans repaid during the year |
1952-53 |
58,885 |
1,94,040 |
5,55,890 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1953-54 |
2,38,013 |
4,47,341 |
22,19,788 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1954-55 |
1,98,159 |
4,43,753 |
8,26,555 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1955-56 |
2,67,951 |
1,23,292 |
4,07,273 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1956-57 |
4,96,041 |
12,62,546 |
15,38,461 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1957-58 |
3,32,645 |
7,54,570 |
8,89,273 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1958-59 |
2,88,820 |
2.13,452 |
6,69.058 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1959-60 |
50,193 |
56,391 |
2,06,726 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1960-61 |
4,57,623 |
4,93,089 |
6,96,335 |
-- |
22,968 |
|
-- |
1961-62 |
65,431 |
1,22,356 |
1,56,797 |
-- |
7,074 |
|
10. Total loans outstanding |
1952-53 |
5,36,867 |
10,64,550 |
20,28,848 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1953-54 |
5,33,573 |
13,37,072 |
22,31,109 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1954-55 |
7,30,039 |
19,39,621 |
27,74,637 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1955-56 |
25,19,677 |
9,10,269 |
39,28,161 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1956-57 |
4,41,863 |
15,76,230 |
30,26,504 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1957-58 |
5,29,933 |
9,57,301 |
38,97,462 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1958-59 |
5,19,237 |
10,23,203 |
44,38,519 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
1959-60 |
10,37,049 |
23,22,193 |
25,80,306 |
-- |
75,700 |
|
-- |
1960-61 |
12,34,567 |
23,95,435 |
31,45,888 |
-- |
1,57,982 |
|
-- |
1961-62 |
23,45,678 |
42,34,088 |
64,16,045 |
-- |
2,54,485 |
TABLE No. 16
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO AGRICULTURE
(CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO PURPOSE)
Purpose for which financial assistance is sanctioned |
Year |
Loans under Land Improve-ment Loans Act, 1883 |
Loans under Agricul-turists' Loans Act, 1884 |
Financial assistance under Grow More Food Campaign |
Loans |
Cash Subsidies |
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5) |
(6) |
| |
|
Rs. |
Rs. |
Rs. |
Rs. | |
(1) For current farm ex- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
penditure- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
(a) Seed |
1952-53 |
-- |
2,17,816 |
3,20,105 |
-- | |
-- |
1953-54 |
-- |
2,70,135 |
4,96,232 |
-- | |
-- |
1954-55 |
-- |
2,13,654 |
4,04,096 |
-- | |
-- |
1955-56 |
-- |
97,467 |
5,27,951 |
-- | |
-- |
1956-57 |
-- |
99,362 |
1,24,089 |
-- | |
-- |
1957-58 |
-- |
1,47,512 |
4,95,294 |
-- | |
-- |
1958-59 |
-- |
1,56,417 |
4,14,388 |
-- | |
-- |
1959-60 |
-- |
3,53,018 |
2,31,252 |
-- | |
-- |
1960-61 |
-- |
2,04,024 |
4,35,687 |
-- | |
-- |
1961-62 |
-- |
2,43,584 |
2,67,269 |
-- | |
(b) Fodder |
1952-53 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1953-54 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1954-55 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1955-56 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1956-57 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1957-58 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1958-59 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1959-60 |
-- |
20,543 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1960-61 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1961-62 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
(c) Manure |
1952-53 |
-- |
-- |
2,34,567 |
-- | |
-- |
1953-54 |
-- |
-- |
3,45,678 |
-- | |
-- |
1954-55 |
-- |
-- |
2,25,635 |
-- | |
-- |
1955-56 |
-- |
-- |
3,59,846 |
-- | |
-- |
1956-57 |
-- |
-- |
87,315 |
-- | |
-- |
1957-58 |
-- |
-- |
3,51,437 |
-- | |
-- |
1958-59 |
-- |
-- |
2,32,927 |
-- | |
-- |
1959-60 |
-- |
-- |
2,04,826 |
-- | |
-- |
1960-61 |
-- |
1,45,300 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1961-62 |
-- |
1,17,500 |
-- |
-- | |
(d) Farm implements |
1952-5-3 |
-- |
-- |
2,17,250 |
-- | |
-- |
1953-54 |
-- |
-- |
3,20,000 |
-- | |
-- |
1954-55 |
-- |
-- |
1,55,000 |
-- | |
-- |
1955-56 |
-- |
-- |
15,500 |
-- | |
-- |
1956-57 |
-- |
-- |
2,03,000 |
-- | |
-- |
1957-58 |
-- |
-- |
62,000 |
-- | |
-- |
1958-59 |
-- |
-- |
2,15,000 |
-- | |
-- |
1959-60 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1960-61 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1961-62 |
-- |
2,09,118 |
-- |
-- | |
(2) Purchase of draught |
1952-53 |
-- |
3,12,170 |
-- |
-- | |
animals. |
1953-54 |
-- |
3,87,450 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1954-55 |
-- |
6,37,450 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1955-56 |
-- |
1,42,450 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1956-57 |
-- |
1,28,300 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1957-58 |
-- |
2,38,700 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1958-59 |
-- |
2,27,590 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1959-60 |
-- |
5,28,300 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1960-61 |
-- |
2,66,960 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1961-62 |
-- |
2,83,990 |
-- |
-- |
Purpose for which financial assistance is sanctioned |
Year |
Loans under Land Improvement Loans Act, 1883 |
Loans under Agriculturists' Loans Act, 1884 |
Financial assistance under Grow More Food Campaign |
Loans |
Cash Subsidies |
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5) |
(6) |
-- |
-- |
Rs. |
Rs. |
Rs. |
Rs. | |
(3) Well digging and |
1952-53 |
l,30,170 |
-- |
3,45,900 |
-- | |
other irrigation pro- |
1953-54 |
37,600 |
-- |
6,80,400 |
-- | |
jects. |
1954-55 |
1,24,200 |
-- |
6,10,500 |
-- | |
-- |
1955-56 |
1,37,500 |
-- |
5,18,000 |
-- | |
-- |
1956-57 |
-- |
-- |
4,00,000 |
-- | |
-- |
1957-58 |
-- |
-- |
7,10,500 |
-- | |
-- |
1958-59 |
-- |
-- |
5,00,800 |
-- | |
-- |
1959-60 |
-- |
-- |
5,30,900 |
-- | |
-- |
1960-61 |
-- |
-- |
4,63,400 |
-- | |
-- |
1961-62 |
-- |
-- |
02,550 |
-- | |
(4) Land improvement |
1952-53 |
3,13,18 |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1953-54 |
1,97,395 |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1954-55 |
2,75,424 |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1955-56 |
7,52,365 |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1956-57 |
27,630 |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1957-58 |
64,175 |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1958-59 |
79,538 |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1959-60 |
5,24,060 |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1960-61 |
7,34,237 |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1961-62 |
10,23,055 0 |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
(5) Consumption |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
(6) Other purposes |
1952-53 |
-- |
1,23,462 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1953-54 |
-- |
92,482 |
-- |
-- | |
I Weedings. |
1954-55 |
-- |
1,95,198 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1955-56 |
-- |
90,358 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1956-57 |
-- |
91,437 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1957-58 |
-- |
1,23,964 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1958-59 |
-- |
75,943 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1959-60 |
-- |
2,39,811 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1960-61 |
-- |
1,35,149 |
-- |
-- | |
-- |
1961-62 |
-- |
1,20,432 |
-- |
-- | |
II Construction and re- |
1959-60 |
-- |
2,70,400 |
-- |
-- | |
pairs of houses. |
1960-61 |
-- |
2,58,600 |
-- |
-- | |
(Flood affected). |
1961-62 |
-- |
1,45,500 |
-- |
-- | |
III Horticultural Deve- |
1960-61 |
-- |
-- |
3,37,373 |
-- | |
lopment Scheme. |
1961-62 |
-- |
-- |
1,87,450 |
-- | |
IV Construction and |
1959-60 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
repairs of houses |
1960-61 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
under NAL Act. |
1961-62 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
V Loans to persons |
1960-61 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
whose horses died of |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
South African Horse |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- | |
Sickness under NAL Act. |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
TABLE No. 17
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO AGRICULTURE, AMRAVATI DISTRICT
Time-lag between date of application and date of sanction |
Number of applications |
Amount applied for |
Amount sanctioned |
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
-- |
-- |
Rs. |
Rs. |
|
Up to 2 months |
Nil |
Nil |
Nil |
|
2-3 months 1952-53 |
1,775 |
7,95,350 |
6,65,794 |
|
1953-54 |
3,325 |
10,63,334 |
8,98,207 |
|
1954-55 |
3,561 |
11,46,584 |
10,00,386 |
|
1955-56 |
2,258 |
10,49,668 |
9,26,978 |
|
1956-57 |
2,355 |
3,90,668 |
3,24,546 |
|
1957-58 |
1,463 |
8,95,334 |
7,78,195 |
|
1958-59 |
1,215 |
7,23,668 |
5,83,198 |
|
1959-60 |
2,834 |
8,95,000 |
7,98,455 |
|
1960-61 |
2,560 |
9,88,500 |
7,96,496 |
|
1961-62 |
2,315 |
8,75,000 |
7,27,245 |
|
3-4 months 1952-53 |
1,184 |
5,30,234 |
4,43,862 |
|
1953-54 |
2,194 |
7,08,890 |
5,98,804 |
|
1954-55 |
2,374 |
7,64,390 |
6,66,924 |
|
1955-56 |
1,472 |
6,99,778 |
6,17,986 |
|
1956-57 |
1,570 |
2,60,444 |
2,16,364 |
|
1957-58 |
974 |
5,96,890 |
5,18,798 |
|
1958-59 |
810 |
4,82,444 |
3,88,465 |
|
1959-60 |
2,833 |
8,96,333 |
7,98,454 |
|
1960-61 |
2,557 |
9,58,500 |
7,56,494 |
|
1961-62 |
2,200 |
7,08,500 |
6,31,735 |
|
4-5 months 1952-53 |
2,050 |
10,00,000 |
8,50,000 |
|
1953-54 |
4,000 |
13,60,000 |
11,60,000 |
|
1954-55 |
4,500 |
15,00,000 |
13,20,000 |
|
1955-56 |
2,400 |
13,00,000 |
12,00,000 |
|
1956-57 |
3,000 |
5,00,000 |
4,20,000 |
|
1957-58 |
1,000 |
11,00,000 |
10,00,000 |
|
1958-59 |
1,200 |
9,00,000 |
7,26,000 |
|
1959-60 |
4,439 |
15,12,667 |
14,11,008 |
|
1960-61 |
4,000 |
18,57,000 |
15,20,500 |
|
1961-62 |
4,200 |
19,00,000 |
14,65,000 |
|
5-6 months 1952-53 |
314 |
60,466 |
37,725 |
|
1953-54 |
386 |
57,776 |
37,610 |
|
1954-55 |
244 |
28,776 |
13,848 |
|
1955-56 |
544 |
99,554 |
35,968 |
|
1956-57 |
138 |
20,888 |
12,728 |
|
1957-58 |
948 |
93,776 |
37,592 |
|
1958-59 |
418 |
64,888 |
50,930 |
|
1959-60 |
1,227 |
2,85,000 |
1,85,900 |
|
1960-61 |
1,114 |
1,50,000 |
1,12,488 |
|
1961-62 |
542 |
1,17,000 |
85,000 |
|
6 months or more Nil |
Nil |
Nil |
Nil |
TABLE No. 18
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO AGRICULTURE, AMRAVATI DISTRICT
Time-lag between date of sanction and date of disbursement |
Number of applications |
Amount sanctioned |
Amount disbursed |
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
|
-- |
Rs. |
Rs. | |
Up to 2 months |
Nil |
Nil |
Nil | |
2-3 months 1952-53 |
1,775 |
6,65,794 |
6,65,794 | |
1953-54 |
3,325 |
8,98,207 |
8,98,207 | |
1954-55 |
3,561 |
10,00,386 |
10,00 386 | |
1955-56 |
2,258 |
9,26,978 |
9 26,978 | |
1956-57 |
2,355 |
3,24,546 |
3,24,546 | |
1957-58 |
1,463 |
7,78,195 |
7,78,195 | |
1958-59 |
1,215 |
5,83,198 |
5,83,198 | |
1959-60 |
2,834 |
7,98,455 |
7,98,455 | |
1960-61 |
2,560 |
7,96,496 |
7,96,496 | |
1961-62 |
2,315 |
7,27,245 |
7,27,245 | |
3-4 months 1952-53 |
1,184 |
4,43,862 |
4,43,862 | |
1953-54 |
2,194 |
5,98,804 |
5,98,804 | |
1954-55 |
2,374 |
6,66,924 |
6,66,924 | |
1955-56 |
1,472 |
6,17,986 |
6,17,986 | |
1956-57 |
1,570 |
2,16,364 |
2,16,364 | |
1957-58 |
974 |
5,18,708 |
5,18,798 | |
1958-59 |
810 |
3,88,465 |
3,88,465 | |
1959-60 |
2,833 |
7,98,454 |
7,98,454 | |
1960-61 |
2,557 |
7,56,494 |
7,56,494 | |
1961-62 |
2,200 |
6,31,735 |
6,31,735 | |
4-5 months 1952-53 |
2,050 |
8,50,000 |
8,50,000 | |
1953-54 |
4,000 |
11,60,000 |
11,60,000 | |
1954-55 |
4,500 |
13,20,000 |
13,20,000 | |
1955-56 |
2,400 |
12,00,000 |
12,00,000 | |
1956-57 |
3,000 |
4,20,000 |
4,20,000 | |
1957-58 |
1,000 |
10,00,000 |
10,00,000 | |
1958-59 |
1,200 |
7,26,000 |
7,26,000 | |
1959-60 |
4,439 |
14,11,008 |
14,11,008 | |
1960-61 |
4,000 |
15,20,500 |
15,20,500 | |
1961-62 |
4,200 |
14,65,000 |
14,65,000 | |
5-6 months 1952-53 |
314 |
37,725 |
37,725 | |
1953-54 |
386 |
37,610 |
37,610 | |
1954-55 |
244 |
13,848 |
13,848 | |
1955-56 |
544 |
35,968 |
35,968 | |
1956-57 |
138 |
12,728 |
12,728 | |
1957-58 |
948 |
37,592 |
37,592 | |
1958-59 |
418 |
50.930 |
50,930 | |
1959-60 |
1,227 |
1,85,900 |
1,85,900 | |
1960-61 |
1,114 |
1,12,488 |
1,12,488 | |
1961-62 |
542 |
85,000 |
85,000 | |
6 months or more |
Nil |
Nil |
Nil |
TABLE No. 19
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO AGRICULTURE, AMRAVATI DISTRICT
Duration of Loans |
Year |
No. of applications |
Amount |
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) | |
|
|
|
Rs. | |
(1) Loss than 3 months |
Nil |
Nil |
Nil |
|
(2) 3 to 6 months |
Nil |
Nil |
Nil |
|
(3) 6 to 9 months |
Nil |
Nil |
Nil |
|
(4) 9 to 12 months |
1952-53 |
662 |
4,42,959 | |
1953-54 |
1,392 |
6,74,912 | |
1954-55 |
1,226 |
7,38,824 | |
1955-56 |
897 |
5,00,290 | |
1956-57 |
1,154 |
2,63,101 | |
1957-58 |
705 |
6,10,119 | |
1958-59 |
484 |
4,55,847 | |
1959-60 |
1,174 |
7,66,190 | |
1960-61 |
966 |
6,70,794 | |
1961-62 |
136 |
5,38,490 |
|
(5) 1 to 2 years |
1952-53 |
1,667 |
3,65,650 | |
1953-54 |
3,241 |
3,83,376 | |
1954-55 |
3,504 |
6,74,076 | |
1955-56 |
1,907 |
3,66,529 | |
1956-57 |
1,791 |
64,370 | |
1957-58 |
1,177 |
1,26,410 | |
1958-59 |
1,061 |
1,01,642 | |
1959-60 |
3,073 |
390,874 | |
1960-61 |
2,463 |
3,92,524 | |
1961-62 |
2,066 |
4,27,766 |
|
(6) 2 to 3 years |
1952-53 |
1,669 |
3,65,768 | |
1953-54 |
3,722 |
2,80,500 | |
1954-55 |
4,270 |
3,55,000 | |
1955-56 |
2,530 |
5,50,375 | |
1956-57 |
2,836 |
1,67,700 | |
1957-58 |
2,100 |
2,69,100 | |
1958-59 |
1,550 |
2,71,500 | |
1959-60 |
4,878 |
9,50,353 | |
1960-61 |
4,500 |
10,00,575 | |
1961-62 |
3,900 |
12,45,230 |
|
(7) 3 to 4 years |
1952-53 |
1,165 |
3,72,717 | |
1953-54 |
1,260 |
1,53,333 | |
1954-55 |
1,384 |
2,13,263 | |
1955-56 |
1,211 |
2,63,538 | |
1956-57 |
1,067 |
23,460 | |
1957-58 |
303 |
1,29,956 | |
1958-59 |
458 |
20,606 | |
1959-60 |
1,151 |
2,05,450 | |
1960-61 |
850 |
16,835 | |
1961-62 |
702 |
1,02,144 |
|
(8) 4 to 5 years |
1952-53 |
72 |
2,15,136 | |
1953-54 |
150 |
7,50,000 | |
1954-55 |
135 |
4,19,975 | |
1955-56 |
109 |
4,75,200 | |
1956-57 |
85 |
1,05,000 | |
1957-58 |
30 |
5,00,000 | |
1958-59 |
30 |
3,00,000 | |
1959-60 |
120 |
3,75,250 | |
1960-61 |
125 |
3,00,000 | |
1961-62 |
175 |
1,35,000 |
TABLE No. 19- con t.
Duration of Loans |
Year |
No. of applications |
Amount |
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
| |
|
|
Rs. |
|
(9) 5 years and above |
1952-53 |
90 |
2,35,150 |
|
|
1953-54 |
140 |
4,25,500 |
|
|
1954-55 |
160 |
6,00,000 |
|
|
1955-56 |
120 |
6,25,000 |
|
|
1956-57 |
130 |
3,50,000 |
|
|
1957-58 |
70 |
7,00,000 |
|
|
1958-59 |
60 |
6,00,000 |
|
|
1959-60 |
937 |
5,05,700 |
|
|
1960-61 |
1,327 |
8,05,250 |
|
|
1961-62 |
1,328 |
4.60,350 |
|
(10) Those who have not stated the duration. |
Nil |
Nil |
Nil |
TABLE No. 20
Financial Assistance to Agriculture, Amravati District
Reasons for rejection |
Year |
No. of applications |
Amount |
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
| | |
Rs. |
|
(1) Lack of security or adequate
security. |
1952-53 |
435 |
98,700 | |
1953-54 |
762 |
35,675 | |
1954-55 |
934 |
85,250 | |
1955-56 |
1,035 |
94,250 | |
1956-57 |
317 |
53,000 | |
1957-58 |
215 |
1,75,000 | |
1958-59 |
228 |
1,45,750 | |
1959-60 |
267 |
43,000 | |
1960-61 |
134 |
1,15,250 | |
1961-62 |
161 |
96,700 | |
(2) Purpose of loan not approved |
Nil |
Nil |
Nil |
|
(3) Old dues to Government
|
1952-53 |
3,906 |
2,09,500 | |
1953-54 |
1,118 |
2,67,825 | |
1954-55 |
4,053 |
2.24,000 | |
1955-56 |
2,050 |
2,05,150 | |
1956-57 |
2,805 |
1,50,900 | |
1957-58 |
277 |
2,05,000 | |
1958-59 |
1,390 |
3,19,450 | |
1959-60 |
1,317 |
4,10,000 | |
1960-61 |
507 |
4,20,250 | |
1961-62 |
900 |
4,00,000 | |
(4) Miscellaneous |
Nil |
Nil |
Nil |
The foregoing tables reveal that though the number of applications received by the Government does not show any appreciable increase over a decade from 1952-53 to 1962-63, the demand for loans by the agriculturists has increased considerably except for a short period from 1956-57 to 1958-59. The increase
was more appreciable especially after 1959-60, when the sums disbursed under both the Acts were Rs. 10,23,050 and Rs. 11,20,124, respectively. The amount spent under the Grow More Food schemes, in much the same way, increased to Rs. 9,74.500 in 1961-62 although during the previous years there was no uniformity of trend, either for increase or for decrease. Secondly, the total amount sanctioned by the Government was far less than that demanded. For example, in 1961-62, while amounts demanded by the applicants totalled Rs. 15,58,500 under the Land Improvement Loans Act of 1883 and Rs. 16,44,500 under the Agriculturists' Loans Act of 1884, the amounts sanctioned and disbursed under these Acts were Rs. 10,23,050 and Rs. 11,20,124, respectively. One of the reasons why the Government did not adequately meet with the demand was that loans were not either repaid in time or repaid in full. The figure of loans outstanding especially after 1958-59, is an evidence in point. The total dues were greater under the Agriculturists' Loans Act than under the Land Improvement Loans Act, and greater under the Grow More Food scheme than under the Land Improvement Loans Act. It will also be seen from the above tables that the loans under Land Improvement Loans Act were given mainly for carrying out improvements on land throughout this period except in 1952-53 and 1954-55 when part of these loans were also granted for digging wells and other irrigation projects. Loans under Agriculturists' Loans Act, on the other hand, were given for various purposes specified in the tables, such as current farm expenditure including expenditure for securing fodder and manure and for purchasing of draught animals. In the same way, financial assistance under Grow More Food campaign was extended to agriculturists for procurement of seeds, manure, and farm implements, and for well digging and other irrigation projects. Some loans under this scheme were also given for horticultural development in 1960-61 and 1961-62.
During this period (from 1952-53 to 1962-63) loans under Project Areas were given only from 1959-60 to 1961-62. They were given under the Non-agricultural Loans Act for construction and repair of houses and also as a relief to those whose horses died of the South African Horse Sickness.
It is necessary not only to make adequate grants of tagai but also to make them in time. In this district the actual disbursement of the loans was started three months after they were sanctioned. Although the interval between the date of application and the date of sanction or between the date of sanction and the date of disbursement was not short, there was no unusual delay that could adversely affect agricultural operations. Another significant feature of the grant of tagai
loans was that the bulk of them represented short-term loans
having a duration of less than five years. The large amounts of
loans were given for periods shorter than a year, and more than half the amount of the total loans was given for a period less than four years.
The two major grounds of rejection of applications for loans were (i) lack of security or adequate security, and (ii) old dues to Government. On the score of the former as many as 4,488 applications involving an amount of Rs. 9,42,575 were rejected, while on the latter 19,323 applications involving an amount of Rs. 28,12,075 were rejected.
Tagai loans for the purchase of seed and weeding operations and for Grow More Food under the Agriculturists' Loans Act, are advanced against collateral security, jointly or severally. But for loans for ordinary and Grow More Food requirements under the Land Improvement Loans Act both security of land and collateral security are necessary. Generally 75 per cent of the loans are advanced against security of land and 25 per cent are advanced against collateral security. The ratio of the value of security to the total amounts of loans advanced is 2:1.
Formerly the rate of interest on loans distributed on ordinary tagai advance under Agriculturists' Loans Act and the Land Improvement Loans Act was Rs. 7.81 per hundred per annum. From August 1958 the rate of interest on tagai loans under these Acts was reduced to Rs. 5.50 per hundred per annum.
Similarly, different rates of interest were charged for loans under Grow More Food scheme. Thus for loans under Agriculturists' Loans Act the rate charged was Rs. 4.66 per hundred per annum but for loans under Land Improvement Loans Act the rate of interest was Rs. 7.81 per hundred per annum. But from 1st April 1960 interest on all loans under the Land Improvement Loans Act or the Grow More Food scheme is charged at the rate of Rs. 4.50 per hundred per annum or in default at the penal rate of Rs. 6.00 per hundred per annum.
|
