 |
EDUCATION AND CULTURE
|
 |
PRIMARY EDUCATION
Primary Education.-There has been rapid growth in the number of primary schools during the last ten years. The number of primary schools in 1951 was 628. It rose from 911 in 1956 to 1,029 in 1961, and 1,033 in the year 1962 [ During 1972-73 there were 1,251 institution with 91,200 boys and 51,985 girls. The number of teachers was 4,840.]. Of these, 951 primary schools are managed by the Zilla Parishad and only 5 schools arc managed by private institutions. The total number of pupils in 1951 stood at 43,994 including 12,025 girls; while in 1956 it rose to 72,798 including 19,376 girls. In 1961 it rose to 87,696, out of whom 26,588 were girls. The total number of teachers engaged in these primary schools increased from 1,671 in 1951 to 2,621 in 1956 and it rose to 3,173 in 1961.
The State Government's share in the total expenditure, incurred in 1961-62, was 73.0 per cent. The expenditure on primary education is incurred by the State Government through grant-in-aid to Zilla Parishad. Similarly, wards of parents whose annual income does not exceed Rs. 1,800 get free education. Students from scheduled castes and scheduled tribes similarly get free education, and scholarships are given to them at the rate of Rs. 3 per year in 1st and 2nd standard and Rs. 6 per year in 3rd and 4th standards.
The policy of converting primary schools into basic schools is also making steady progress. The number of basic schools was 5 in 1951-52. It increased to 27 by the end of the Second Plan. There were 28 basic schools in the district by March 1962. The number of primary schools and their classification, in August 1966, was as follows:
|
Institutions |
Total |
Basic |
Non-Basic |
|
Sr. Basic |
Jr.
Basic |
Single Teacher |
Single Teacher |
1-IV Multi Teacher |
Middle I-VII |
|
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5) |
(6) |
(7) |
(8) |
|
Total No. of Schools. |
1,219 |
14 |
15 |
3 |
435 |
452 |
300 |
|
State Government. |
1 |
-- |
1 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
Zilla Parishad |
1,159 |
14 |
13 |
1 |
34 |
400 |
-- |
|
Central Govt. |
1 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1 |
-- |
297 |
|
Municipal |
51 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
49 |
2 |
|
Aided |
6 |
-- |
l |
2 |
-- |
2 |
1 |
|
Unaided |
1 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1 |
-- |
By March 1962, 9 towns and 894 villages in the district had primary schools and 245 villages had schooling facilities available only within a mile from the village. 86 villages were without schools. Out of 3,242 teachers, 2,174 or 67.1 per cent were trained.
Prior to the First Plan, the scheme of compulsory primary education was introduced in the Buldhana town only. In 1955-56, the scheme was applied to children in the age group 6-10 in 4 towns and 20 villages in the district. By the end of 1960-61, the scheme was extended to two more towns.
Other indices of the progress of primary education in the district compared with those of the State averages as in March 1962 were as follows:
TABLE No. 1
PROGRESS OF PRIMARY EDUCATION IN THE DISTRICT
Particulars |
Buldhana District |
Maharashtra |
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
Average population served by a primary school |
1,038 |
1,135 |
Average area served by a primary school (sq. miles) |
4.6 |
3.4 |
Pupils per teacher |
30 |
38 |
Pupils per school |
93 |
27 |
Average annual salary per teacher (Rs.) |
1,035 |
1,250 |
Average annual expenditure per school (Rs.) |
3,765 |
4,903 |
Average number of teachers per school |
3.1 |
3.3 |
Percentage of trained teachers |
67.1 |
64.8 |
|
