 |
AGRICULTURE & IRRIGATION
|
 |
FRUITS
The common fruits grown in this district are banana, mango, guava
(peru), citrus (mosambi, oranges and lime), grapes (draksha),
custard apple (sitaphal), pomegranate (dalimb) and bullock's heart
(ramphal). The following table gives the area under fruits in the
district during the period from 1956-57 to 1961-62.
TABLE No. 17
AREA UNDER FRUITS IN BHIR DISTRICT (1956-57 TO 1961-62)
[*In Hectares]
|
Tahsil |
Year |
Grape |
Banana |
Mango |
Sweet
Orange |
Sour lime |
Pomelo |
Other Citrus Fruits |
Pomegranate |
|
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5) |
(6) |
(7) |
(8) |
(9) |
(10) |
|
Bhir |
1956-57 |
10.927 |
82.556 |
176.038 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
38.850 |
-- |
|
|
(27) |
(204) |
(435) |
|
|
|
(96) |
|
|
1957-58 |
12.141 |
94.292 |
178.062 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
(30) |
(233) |
(440) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1958-59 |
31.566 |
104.409 |
205.176 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
(78) |
(258) |
(507) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1959-60 |
27.114 |
97.529 |
394.164 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
(67) |
(241) |
(974) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1960-61 |
69.606 |
54.228 |
571.416 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
(172) |
(134) |
(1,412) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1961-62 |
50.181 |
47.753 |
571.416 |
-- |
9.713 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
(124) |
(118) |
(1,412) |
|
(24) |
|
|
|
|
Georai |
1956-57 |
2.429 |
14.569 |
6.070 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
31.970 |
0.405 |
|
|
(6) |
(36) |
(15) |
|
|
|
(79) |
(1) |
|
1957-58 |
1.215 |
32.375 |
6.070 |
6.475 |
-- |
-- |
0.809 |
-- |
|
|
(3) |
(80) |
(15) |
(16) |
|
|
(2) |
|
|
1958-59 |
1.618 |
34.398 |
6.879 |
-- |
0.809 |
-- |
1.215 |
-- |
|
|
(4) |
(85) |
(17) |
|
(2) |
|
(3) |
|
|
1959-60 |
4.857 |
45.325 |
14.973 |
-- |
1.214 |
-- |
2.023 |
-- |
|
|
(12) |
(112) |
(37) |
|
(3) |
|
(5) |
|
|
1960-61 |
3.237 |
7.689 |
3.642 |
-- |
1.619 |
-- |
6.475 |
-- |
|
|
(8) |
(19) |
(9) |
|
(4) |
|
(16) |
|
|
1961-62 |
4.857 |
20.637 |
3.642 |
-- |
1.214 |
-- |
2.023 |
-- |
|
|
(12) |
(51) |
(9) |
|
(3) |
|
(5) |
|
|
Ashti |
1956-57 |
-- |
4.857 |
3.237 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
51.395 |
-- |
|
|
|
(12) |
(8) |
|
|
|
(127) |
|
|
1957-58 |
-- |
6.879 |
-- |
5.666 |
40.469 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
|
(17) |
|
(14) |
(100) |
|
|
|
|
1958-59 |
0.809 |
5.261 |
-- |
55.037 |
6.475 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
(2) |
(13) |
|
(136) |
(16) |
|
|
|
|
1959-60 |
-- |
4.452 |
8.498 |
52.609 |
6.880 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
|
(11 |
(21) |
(130) |
(17) |
|
|
|
|
1960-61 |
-- |
2.833 |
5.261 |
70.820 |
5.261 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
|
(7) |
(13) |
(175) |
(13) |
|
|
|
|
1961-62 |
-- |
2.833 |
5.261 |
48.562 |
8.498 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
|
(7) |
(13) |
(120) |
(21) |
|
|
|
|
Patoda |
1956-57 |
1.214 |
15.378 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
4.452 |
-- |
|
|
(3) |
(38) |
|
|
|
|
(11) |
|
|
1957-58 |
-- |
14.568 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
4.856 |
-- |
|
|
|
(36) |
|
|
|
|
(12) |
|
|
1958-59 |
-- |
15.378 |
-- |
4.047 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
|
(38) |
|
(10) |
|
|
|
|
|
1959-60 |
-- |
23.472 |
-- |
12.141 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
|
(58) |
|
(30) |
|
|
|
|
|
1960-61 |
-- |
24.281 |
-- |
12.141 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
|
(60) |
|
(30) |
|
|
|
|
|
1961-62 |
-- |
40.869 |
-- |
8.094 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
|
(100) |
|
(20) |
|
|
|
|
|
Ambejogai |
1956-57 |
1.214 |
101.576 |
44.516 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
91.054 |
21.448 |
|
|
(3) |
(251) |
(110) |
|
|
|
|
(53) |
|
1957-58 |
14.568 |
119.787 |
12.141 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
33.993 |
6.475 |
|
|
(36) |
(296) |
(30) |
|
|
|
(84) |
(16) |
|
1958-59 |
0.405 |
144.877 |
-- |
79.723 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
(1) |
(358) |
|
(197) |
|
|
|
|
|
1959-60 |
0.810 |
168.349 |
-- |
79.723 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
(2) |
(416) |
|
(197) |
|
|
|
|
|
1960-61 |
1.214 |
231.885 |
-- |
79.723 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
(3) |
(573) |
|
(197) |
|
|
|
|
|
1961-62 |
2.024 |
242.812 |
-- |
80.937 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
|
(5) |
(600) |
|
(200) |
|
|
|
|
|
Kaij |
1956-57 |
3.237 |
87.007 |
1.619 |
-- |
-- |
0.405 |
26.305 |
-- |
|
|
(8) |
(215) |
(4) |
|
|
(1) |
(65) |
|
|
1957-58 |
4.452 |
-- |
2.428 |
-- |
-- |
0.809 |
-- |
-- |
|
|
(11) |
|
(6) |
|
|
(2) |
|
|
|
1958-59 |
6.070 |
-- |
2.428 |
-- |
-- |
1.214 |
-- |
-- |
|
|
(15) |
|
(6) |
|
|
(3) |
|
|
|
1959-60 |
|
-- |
10.117 |
-- |
-- |
3.238 |
-- |
-- |
|
|
|
|
(25) |
|
|
(8) |
|
|
|
1960-61 |
4.856 |
171.182 |
-- |
24.686 |
1.619 |
-- |
2.833 |
-- |
|
|
(12) |
(423) |
|
(61) |
(4) |
|
(7) |
|
|
1961-62 |
4.856 |
180.085 |
-- |
24.686 |
1.619 |
-- |
2.428 |
-- |
|
|
(12) |
(445) |
|
(61) |
(4) |
|
(6) |
|
|
Manjlegaon |
1956-57 |
2.023 |
44.516 |
2.428 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
21.044 |
-- |
|
|
(5) |
(110) |
(6) |
|
|
|
(52) |
|
|
1957-58 |
2.023 |
43.302 |
2.428 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
21.044 |
-- |
|
|
(5) |
(107) |
(6) |
|
|
|
(52) |
|
|
1958-59 |
2.023 |
47.753 |
3.642 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
|
|
(5) |
(118) |
(9) |
|
|
|
-- |
|
|
1959-60 |
2.833 |
49.777 |
3.642 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
|
|
(7) |
(123) |
(9) |
|
|
|
-- |
|
|
1960-61 |
3.237 |
29.137 |
2.833 |
36.422 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
|
|
(8) |
(72) |
(7) |
(90) |
|
|
-- |
|
|
1961-62 |
4.452 |
34.398 |
2.833 |
10.521 |
-- |
-- |
|
-- |
|
|
(11) |
(85) |
(7) |
(26) |
|
|
-- |
|
*Figures in brackets indicate area in acres.
TABLE No. 17—cont.
AREA UNDER FRUITS IN BHIR DISTRICT (1956-57 TO 1961-62)
[*In Hectares]
|
Tahsil |
Year |
Guava |
Papaya |
Bullock's Heart |
Other fresh fruits |
Total fresh fruits |
Dry fruits |
Total fruits |
|
(1) |
(2) |
(11) |
(12) |
(13) |
(14) |
(15) |
(16) |
(17) |
|
Bhir |
1956-57 |
63.131 |
5.261 |
-- |
4.451 |
381.214 |
382.023 |
763.237 |
|
|
(156) |
(13) |
|
(11) |
(942) |
(944) |
(1886) |
|
1957-58 |
42.087 |
17.806 |
-- |
44.920 |
389.308 |
-- |
389.308 |
|
|
(104) |
(44) |
|
(111) |
(962) |
|
(962) |
|
1958-59 |
63.940 |
11.331 |
-- |
46.943 |
465.365 |
-- |
463.365 |
|
|
(158) |
(28) |
|
(116) |
(1145) |
|
(1145) |
|
1959-60 |
-- |
20.639 |
2.833 |
36.827 |
579.106 |
-- |
579.106 |
|
|
|
(51) |
(7) |
(91) |
(1431) |
|
(143!) |
|
1960-61 |
-- |
31.970 |
4.047 |
69.606 |
800.873 |
-- |
800.873 |
|
|
|
(79) |
(10) |
(172) |
(1979) |
|
(1979) |
|
1961-62 |
41.278 |
16.187 |
4.047 |
247.668 |
988.243 |
-- |
988.243 |
|
|
(102) |
(40) |
(10) |
(612) |
(24442) |
|
(2442) |
|
Georai |
1956-57 |
25.899 |
7.284 |
-- |
0.405 |
89.031 |
-- |
89.031 |
|
|
(64) |
(18) |
|
(1) |
(220) |
|
(220) |
|
1957-58 |
19.829 |
9.903 |
-- |
34.803 |
110.479 |
-- |
110.479 |
|
|
(49) |
(22) |
|
(86) |
(273) |
|
(273) |
|
1958-59 |
22.258 |
14.973 |
-- |
34.803 |
116.454 |
-- |
1 16.459 |
|
|
(55) |
(37) |
|
(86) |
(289) |
|
(289) |
|
1959-60 |
26.709 |
19.020 |
-- |
5.261 |
119.382 |
-- |
119.382 |
|
|
(66) |
(47) |
|
(13) |
(295) |
|
(295) |
|
1960-61 |
31.161 |
9.713 |
-- |
36.017 |
99.553 |
-- |
99.553 |
|
|
(77) |
(24) |
|
(89) |
(246) |
|
(246) |
|
1961-62 |
26.709 |
11.736 |
-- |
36.017 |
106.837 |
-- |
106.837 |
|
|
(66) |
(29) |
|
(89) |
(264) |
|
(264) |
|
Ashti |
1956-57 |
16.997 |
4.857 |
-- |
-- |
81.342 |
-- |
81.342 |
|
|
(42) |
(12) |
|
|
(201) |
|
(201) |
|
1957-53 |
15.783 |
26.475 |
-- |
-- |
75.272 |
-- |
75.272 |
|
|
(39) |
(16) |
|
|
(186) |
|
(186) |
|
1958-59 |
13.759 |
4.048 |
-- |
-- |
85.389 |
-- |
85.389 |
|
|
(34) |
(10) |
|
|
(211) |
|
(211) |
|
1959-60 |
14.973 |
3.238 |
-- |
-- |
90.656 |
--
|
90.650 |
|
|
(3 7) |
(8) |
|
|
(224) |
|
(224) |
|
1960-61 |
8.498 |
1.619 |
-- |
-- |
94.292 |
-- |
27.292 |
|
|
(21) |
(4) |
|
|
(233) |
|
(233) |
|
1961-62 |
13.759 |
1.214 |
-- |
-- |
80.128 |
-- |
80.128 |
|
|
(34) |
(3) |
|
|
(198) |
|
(198) |
|
Patoda |
1956-57 |
12.545 |
4.047 |
-- |
--- |
37.636 |
-- |
37.636 |
|
|
(31) |
(10) |
|
|
(93) |
|
(93) |
|
1957-58 |
12.141 |
5.666 |
-- |
-- |
37.231 |
-- |
37.231 |
|
|
(30) |
(14) |
|
|
(92) |
|
(92) |
|
1958-59 |
11.331 |
6.880 |
-- |
-- |
37.636 |
-- |
37.636 |
|
|
(28) |
(17) |
|
|
(93) |
|
(93) |
|
1959-60 |
25.090 |
22.662 |
-- |
-- |
83.365 |
-- |
83.365 |
|
|
(62) |
(56) |
|
|
(206) |
|
(206) |
|
1960-61 |
26.304 |
36.422 |
-- |
-- |
99.148 |
-- |
99.148 |
|
|
(65) |
(90) |
|
|
(245) |
|
(245) |
|
1961-62 |
16.187 |
28.328 |
-- |
-- |
93.078 |
-- |
93.078 |
|
|
(40) |
(70) |
|
|
(230) |
|
(230) |
|
Ambejogai |
1956-57 |
60.703 |
-- |
-- |
1.214 |
321.725 |
-- |
321.725 |
|
|
(150) |
|
|
(3) |
(795) |
|
(795) |
|
1957-58 |
14.973 |
-- |
-- |
52.609 |
254.546 |
--
|
254.546 |
|
|
(37) |
|
|
(130) |
(629) |
|
(629) |
|
1958-59 |
91.459 |
-- |
-- |
72.439 |
388.903 |
-- |
388.903 |
|
|
(226) |
|
|
(179) |
(961) |
|
(961) |
|
1959-60 |
89.840 |
-- |
-- |
72.439 |
411.161 |
-- |
411.161 |
|
|
(222) |
|
|
(179) |
(1016) |
|
(1016) |
|
1960-61 |
93.878 |
-- |
-- |
72.843 |
478.743 |
-- |
478.943 |
|
|
(230) |
|
|
(180) |
(1183) |
|
(1183) |
|
1961-62 |
101.171 |
-- |
-- |
76.809 |
503.834 |
-- |
503.834 |
|
|
(250) |
|
|
(190) |
(1245) |
|
(1245) |
|
Kaij |
1956-57 |
62.726 |
1.214 |
-- |
0.405 |
182.918 |
-- |
182.918 |
|
|
(155) |
(3) |
|
(1) |
(452) |
|
(452) |
|
1957-58 |
56.656 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
64.345 |
-- |
64.345 |
|
|
(140) |
|
|
|
(159) |
|
(159) |
|
1958-59 |
58.680 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
68.392 |
-- |
68.392 |
|
|
(145) |
|
|
|
(169) |
|
(169) |
|
1959-60 |
56.656 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
70.011 |
--
|
70.011 |
|
|
(140) |
|
|
|
(173) |
|
(173) |
|
1960-61 |
97.529 |
0.405 |
-- |
-- |
303.110 |
-- |
303.110 |
|
|
(241) |
(1) |
|
|
(749) |
|
(749) |
|
1961-62 |
98.744 |
0.809 |
-- |
-- |
313.227 |
-- |
313.227 |
|
|
(244) |
(2) |
|
|
(774) |
|
(774) |
|
Manjlegaon |
1956-57 |
27.518 |
0.405 |
-- |
0.405 |
98.339 |
-- |
98.339 |
|
|
(68) |
(1) |
|
(1) |
(243) |
|
(243) |
|
1957-58 |
30.351 |
1.214 |
-- |
-- |
100.362 |
-- |
100.362 |
|
|
(75) |
(3) |
|
|
(248) |
|
(248) |
|
1958-59 |
37.636 |
|
-- |
-- |
91.054 |
-- |
91.054 |
|
|
(93) |
|
|
|
(225) |
|
(225) |
|
1959-60 |
52.204 |
2.833 |
-- |
-- |
111.289 |
-- |
111.289 |
|
|
(129) |
(7) |
|
|
(275) |
|
(275) |
|
1960-61 |
34.398 |
-- |
-- |
34.047 |
110.074 |
-- |
110.074 |
|
|
(85) |
|
|
(10) |
(272) |
|
(272) |
|
1961-62 |
32.375 |
-- |
-- |
20.639 |
105.218 |
-- |
105.218 |
|
|
(80) |
|
|
(51) |
(260) |
|
(260) |
*Figures in brackets indicate area in acres.
Banana
The banana is grown on a small scale in this district. The popular
variety grown in the district is bassai.
The banana thrives best in rainfall ranging between 2,286 and
2,540 mm. (90 and 100 inches). It also does well with liberal
irrigation. The crop does very well in soft spongy soils. In Bhir
district the annual average rainfall is 678.180 mm. (26.70 inches)
only and hence production of the banana is on a negligible scale.
Spacing of the crop depends on the different varieties. The bassai
variety is planted at 1.52x1.52 m (5'x5'). After planting, two
harrowings are given to remove weeds. Irrigation beds are repaired
three times during the life of the crop. Top dressing of 5 lbs. of
oil-cake is given in two doses in the 3rd and 4th month,
respectively, along with which earthing up is also done.
Flowering starts after about 9 months and continues for 3 to 4
months and it takes 18—20 months after planting for the whole crop
to come to maturity.
The banana can be allowed to multiply in the same field. But
bassai bananas degenerate if allowed to grow in this manner.
Therefore, they are always grown on a fresh piece of land which
has been fallow or cultivated under dry crops.
Banana is harvested when the fruits get rounded and the dry petals
drop from the end of fruit. By artificial heat, uniform colour can
be obtained.
Guava
The guava flourishes on a wide range of soils. It is propagated
from seed as well as from grafts of the best quality plant. After
a thorough tillage to the field, pits 0.610 x 0.610'm. (2'x2') are
dug. Pits are filled up with farmyard manure and soil. Planting is
done 7.62 m (25') apart each way. The field is then laid out for
irrigation.
Generally guava starts blossoming from third year onward and
thereafter the plantation is treated for crop. Area under this
crop is 264.870 hectares (654 acres).
Pomegranate
Pomegranate is grown in dry soils with light rainfall. It thrives
well in short winters and long summers. It flourishes quite well
on medium to lighter type of soils. In this district the fruit is
grown in Ambejogai, Bhir and Georai tahsils. The varieties
produced are local. They are available from November to the end of
May.
Seedlings are raised from the seeds of quality fruits and get
ready for transplantation after one year. They are planted about
3.048 m. (10') apart in pits and given soils and farmyard manure.
The plants usually bear fruit 3 years after transplantation.
Fruit-borer, and insect, ruins the crop. It can be controlled by
spraying wettable DDT. Fruits are nourishing and used for table
purpose.
Custard apple
The crop flourishes best in dry and hot climate. It requires light
soil. It is grown on the slopes of hills. The plants are raised
from seeds. The plant bears fruit in about 3 to 4 yeast The plant
flowers from April to May and gives fruit between August and
November.
Bullock’s Heart
Ramphal requires better soil than the custard apple and
needs watering in dry climates. It ripens generally in the latter
part of the cold season, mostly between January and February.
Chiku
Chiku is widely grown all over the district. Rainfall
varying between 1,905 and 2,540 mm. (75" and 100") from June to
September suits the crop most while soils with a depth of 2'
with loose structure like the sandy and black soils with a good
drainage are quite suitable. Planting of chiku is done either in
monsoon or in November.
Kagdi Limbu
Kagdi Limbu does not require any special type of climate or
soil. It is propagated by seeds or by budding.
Mosambi
Mosambi.—It requires more or less dry and hot climate and
loose and loamy very well drained but not sticky soil.
Seedlings of Jamburi are raised for about a year in nursery beds
and budded in the fair weather after transplanting in rows in the
nursery. After buds have successfully established the plants are
planted in their permanent places. Pits 0.610x0.610x0.610 m. (2' x
2' x 2') are prepared 6.096 m. (20') apart and filled with soil
mixed with 2 baskets of farmyard maunre of 10 lbs. of bonemeal.
Watering is given regularly till harvesting. Winter crops like
vegetables can be taken during the early years till fruiting
starts.
In well-managed plantations trees start bearing fruits at the age
of three. Plantations yield maximum after 10—20 years.
The plant begins to bear at the age of four or five years. It
flowers in January-February and fruits are ready for harvest in
August-September.
Mango
Amba.—Seedlings raised from mango stones arc planted in the
pits filled with good soil and manure. Mango grafts arc also
planted. The mango tree bears fruits after 5-6 years and continues
till fifty years. Cold weather and strong winds cause florescence
to shed and reduce the yield considerably. Ripe mangoes are used
for preparing ambaras (juice) while raw ones are used for
preparing pickles, chutney, drinks, etc.
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