AGRICULTURE AND IRRIGATION

FRUITS

The principal fruit trees grown in the district, except Akkalkuwa taluka and Akrani mahal where no fruit trees are cultivated, include banana, mango, lime, sweet-lime, orange and guava. Of these, banana and mango are important fruit trees in the district. The following table gives the taluka-wise area under fruit trees in the district:—

TABLE No. 32

TALUKAWISE1 AREA ENDER FRUITS IN DHULIA DISTRICT (1952-53 TO 1961-62)

(In hectares)*

Taluka

Year

Banana

Mango

Lime

Sweet-lime

Orange

Guava

Dhulia

1952-52

65559

10.927

3642

11.736

16.187

9.308

(162)

(27)

(9)

(29)

(40)

(23)

1953-54

56.656

10.522

6475

11.736

15.378

--

(140)

(26)

(16)

(29)

(38)

--

1954-55

41.278

2.428

4047

10.927

6.070

6.070

(102)

(6)

(10)

(27)

(15)

(15)

1955-56

57.465

2.833

13.355

--

6.070

--

(142)

(7)

(33)

--

(15)

--

1956-57

89.031

25.495

5.666

--

4.452

--

(220)

(63)

(14)

--

(11)

--

1957-58

93.078

40.469

7.284

--

6.070

8.903

(230)

(100)

(18)

--

(15)

(22)

1958-50

83.365

40.873

4.856

4.047

--

9.713

(206)

(101)

(12)

(10)

--

(24)

1959-60

135. 165

53.994

6.880

10.117

1.619

--

(3.34)

(84)

(17)

(25)

(4)

--

1960-61

106.432

73.653

6.475

14.569

6.070

--

(263)

(182)

(16)

(36)

(15)

--

1961-62

118. 168

8O.532

13.759

2.023

5.666

4.047

(292)

(199)

(34)

(5)

(14)

(10)

Sindkheda

1952-53

8.498

17.402

7.689

42.492

6.070

75.272

(21)

(43)

(19)

(105)

(15)

(186)

1953-54

8.498

17.402

7.689

42.492

6.070

75.272

(21)

(43)

(19)

(105)

(15)

(186)

1954-55

10.117

12.141

5.261

8.498

2.428

31.556

(25)

(30)

(13)

(21)

(6)

(78)

1955-56

10.522

9.713

6.475

27.114

4.452

32.375

(26)

(24)

(15)

(67)

(11)

(811)

1956-57

11.331

10.927

1.619

7. 684

0.809

69.606

(28)

(27)

(4)

(19)

(2)

(172)

1957-58

21.853

11.331

--

10.117

2.428

69.201

(54)

(28)

--

(25)

(6)

(171)

1958-54

17.806

11.331

2.833

55.847

10.117

69. 201

(44)

(28)

(7)

(138)

(25)

(171)

1459-60

14. 56')

23.877

7.284

17.806

0.405

--

(36)

(59)

(18)

(44)

(1)

--

1960-61

12.141

21.853

7.284

16.592

0.405

--

(30)

(54)

(18)

(42)

(1)

--

1961-62

7. 689

27.114

0. 809

14.164

--

--

(19)

(67)

(2)

(35)

--

--

Shirpur

1952-53

2.023

4.452

1.214

4. 452

5-666

--

(5)

(11)

(3)

(11)

(14)

--

1953-54

8. 094

3.642

1.214

--

2.428

0.405

(20)

(9)

(3)

--

(6)

(1)

1954-55

10.522

--

--

--

10.522

0.809

(26)

--

--

--

(26)

(2)

1955-56

16.187

4.452

1.619

1.214

0.809

0.405

(40)

(11)

(4)

(3)

(2)

(1)

1956-57

20.234

1.614

0. 809

1.214

1.214

2.023

(50)

(4)

(2)

(3)

(3)

(5)

1957-58

20.639

4.856

0.804

5.261

11.331

2.023

(51)

(12)

(2)

(13)

(18)

(5)

1958-59

14.569

10.927

0.809

1.619

2.023

2.023

(36)

(27)

(2)

(4)

(5)

(5)

1954-60

3.237

1.214

0.809

0.405

3.237

--

(8)

(3)

(2)

(1)

(8)

--

1960-61

11.331

2.023

1.214

1.214

4.452

1.214

(28)

(5)

(3)

(3)

(11)

(3)

1961-62

7.689

--

0.809

0.405

0.405

--

(19)

--

(2)

(1)

(1)

--

* Figures in brackets are in acres.

1. There is no area under fruits in Akrani Taluka.

TABLE No. 32contd.

Taluka

Year

Banana

Mango

Lime

Sweet-lime

Orange

Guava

Sakri

1952-53

2.023

14.569

--

--

--

0.405

(5)

(36)

--

--

--

(1)

1953-54

1.214

14.164

--

0.405

--

0.809

(3)

(35)

--

(1)

--

(2)

1954-55

--

14.164

--

0.405

--

0.809

--

(35)

--

(1)

--

(2)

1955-56

--

4.047

1.214

0.405

--

--

--

(10)

(3)

(1)

--

--

1956-57

--

6.475

1.619

--

--

--

--

(16)

(4)

--

--

--

1957-58

--

16.187

2.428

--

--

--

--

(40)

(6)

--

--

--

1958-59

--

10.117

--

--

--

--

--

(25)

--

--

--

--

1959-60

--

10.117

--

--

--

--

--

(25)

--

--

--

--

1960-61

--

12.140

--

--

--

--

--

(30)

--

--

--

--

1961-62

--

12.140

--

--

--

--

--

(30)

--

--

--

--

Nandurbar

1952-53

68.392

12.950

0.405

7.689

4.452

0.809

(169)

(32)

(1)

(19)

(11)

(2)

1953-54

38.445

3.642

0.405

31.566

10.927

--

(95)

(9)

(1)

(78)

(27)

--

1954-55

83.365

1.619

0.405

2.428

8.498

--

(205)

(4)

(1)

(6)

(21)

--

1955-56

91.864

12.545

0.405

3.237

2.428

0.809

(227)

(31)

(1)

(8)

(6)

(2)

1956-57

110.479

--

--

8.903

--

--

(273)

--

--

(22)

--

--

1957-58

158.637

2.833

--

14.973

8.094

--

(392)

(7)

--

(37)

(20)

--

1958-59

157.827

4.047

0.405

4.856

68.797

--

(390)

(10)

(10)

(12)

(170)

--

1959-60

40.064

3.237

4.047

106.028

6.070

0.809

(99)

(8)

(10)

(262)

(15)

(2)

1960-61

107.646

0.809

3.237

6.475

1.619

--

(266)

(2)

(8)

(16)

(4)

--

1961-62

161.470

1.619

1.619

7.689

2.428

1.214

(399)

(4)

(4)

(19)

(6)

(3)

Nawapur

1952-53

5.666

8.903

2.023

--

2.023

--

(14)

(22)

(5)

--

(5)

--

1953-54

5.666

5.261

0.403

--

--

--

(14)

(13)

(1)

--

--

--

1954-55

3.237

6.880

1.619

0.809

0.809

--

(8)

(17)

(4)

(2)

(2)

--

1955-56

3. 642

12.141

1.619

0.809

0.809

0.405

(9)

(30)

(4)

(2)

(2)

(1)

1956-57

3.237

11.331

2.023

--

0.405

0.405

(8)

(28)

(5)

--

(1)

(1)

1957-58

1.619

8.903

1.619

--

0.405

--

(4)

(22)

(4)

--

(1)

--

1958-59

0.405

16.187

6.475

0.809

1.214

--

(1)

(40)

(16)

(2)

(3)

--

1959-60

0.809

10.927

2.023

0.405

--

--

(2)

(27)

(5)

(1)

--

--

1960-61

0.809

10.927

2.023

0.405

--

--

(2)

(27)

(5)

(1)

--

--

1961-62

4.452

16.187

0.809

--

--

--

(11)

(40)

(2)

--

--

--

Shahada

1952-53

131.523

21.448

4.047

--

26.305

9.308

(325)

(53)

(10)

--

(65)

(23)

1953-54

166.326

11.736

2.023

--

59.489

4.856

(411)

(29)

(5)

--

(147)

(12)

* Figures in brackets are in acres.

TABLE No. 32contd.

Taluka

Year

Banana

Mango

Lime

Sweet-lime

Orange

Guava

Shahada—contd.

1954-55

141.235

17.402

0.405

--

49.776

0.809

(349)

(43)

(1)

--

(123)

(2)

1955-56

169.968

19.020

2.023

23.472

27.519

0.809

(420)

(47)

(5)

(58)

(68)

(2)

1056-57

258.594

12.950

--

--

46.539

--

(659)

(32)

--

--

(115)

--

1957-58

283.280

23.067

3.642

9.713

13.355

--

(700)

(57)

(9)

(24)

(33)

--

1958-59

291.778

23.067

3.647

8.498

8.903

--

(721)

(57)

(9)

(21)

(22)

--

1959-60

299.872

22.258

3.237

16.187

6.070

10.117

(741)

(55)

(8)

(40)

(15)

(25)

1960-61

558.147

26.305

4.856

12.950

15.378

--

(885)

(65)

(12)

(32)

(38)

--

1955-56

412.575

26.305

6.88O

28.733

33.994

--

(1.019)

(65)

(17)

(71)

(84)

--

Taloda

1956-57

9.713

10.927

1.619

--

--

--

(24)

(27)

(4)

--

--

--

1955-54

79.542

4. 047

0.405

--

--

4.047

(75)

(10)

(1)

--

--

(10)

1954-55

5.666

25.900

(1.405

0.809

2.833

4.856

(14)

(64)

(1)

(2)

(7)

(12)

1955-56

44.920

6.070

3.642

1.214

--

7.689

(111)

(15)

(9)

(3)

--

(19)

1956-57

53.823

6 070

0.405

2 023

--

6.880

(133)

(15)

(1)

(5)

--

(17)

1957-58

45.730

1.214

--

0.809

--

5.666

(113)

(3)

--

(2)

--

(14)

1958-59

40.873

9. 308

--

0.809

--

5. 666

(101)

(23)

--

(2)

--

(14)

1959-60

40.469

8.903

--

0.405

--

--

(100)

(22)

--

(1)

--

--

1960-61

29.947

7.284

9.713

--

--

--

(74)

(18)

(24)

--

--

--

1961-62

8.903

9.713

4.047

--

--

7. 284

(22)

(24)

(10)

--

--

(18)

Akkalkuwa

1952-53

1.619

--

--

--

--

--

(41)

--

--

--

--

--

1953-54

0.809

0.809

--

--

--

--

(2)

(2)

--

--

--

--

1954-55

0.809

0.809

--

--

--

--

(2)

(2)

--

--

--

--

1955-56

0.405

0.809

--

--

--

--

(1)

(2)

--

--

--

--

1956-57

--

2.025

--

--

--

--

--

(5)

--

--

--

--

1957-58

0.809

0.809

--

--

--

--

(2)

(2)

--

--

--

--

1958-59

0.809

--

--

--

--

--

(2)

--

--

--

--

--

1959-60

---- ---- -- --

1960-61

--

0.809

--

--

--

--

--

(2)

--

--

--

--

1961-62

--

0.405

--

--

--

--

--

(1)

--

--

--

--

Banana.

Banana (kele) occupied an area of 720.745 hectares (1781 acres) in 1961.62. The cultivation of this crop is mainlv concentrated in Shahada. Nandurbar, Dhulia, Taloda, Sindkheda and Shirpur talukas. Banana in the district is grown in deep, heavy soils having good drainage. The field is brought to a fine tilth by ploughing and harrowing it. Shallow furrows are prepared 1.371 X 1.371 metres (4½ X 41½ feet) or 1.829 by 1.829 metres (6 feet by 6 feet) (for tall varieties) and suckers (kand) are planted at each crossing of the furrows in loose surface soil sometime between June and August. It requires watering from September onwards when the rainy season is almost over and continues upto the beginning of next monsoon. Timely and heavy irrigation is very important. About 18.144 kg. (40 lb.) of farm yard manures is applied at the time of planting each sucker. After planting, a mixture of 0.113 kg. (¼ pound) of ammonium sulphate, 0.907 kg. (two pounds) of super phosphate and 0.907 kg. (two pounds) of potash is applied to each plant.

The application of manures is stopped after the fifth month from the planting. The crop takes about one and half years, to come to maturity. An average bunch contains about 100 to 150 fruits. The crop is harvested when the fruits get rounded. It is better to hanest the bunch after two or three bananas have become yellow at the base of the bunch.

Banana is a highly nutritious fruit. The unripe fruit and the flower (kelful) are used as vegetable. The juice of the inner part of the stem is used in preparing papads. The green leaves are used as plates for meals.

Mango.

Mango crop covered an area of 174.015 hectares (430 acres) in 1961-62. Mango trees are mainly found in Dhulia. Shahada, Sind-kheda, Sakri. Nawapur, Taloda and Akkaikuwa talukas. They thrive best on deep. heavy soils with good drainage and are adaptable to a very wide range of climate. Good varieties of mango arc usually propagated by grafts. For planting these grafts pits of the size of 0.914 m. X 09.14 m. X 0.914m. (3' X 3' X 3') are first dug. The spacing between two plants is 9.144 m.x9.144 in. (3O'x30') in light soil and 12.192 m. X 12.192 m. (40' X 40') in heavy soil. The pits are filled up with good soil. The planting is done in the beginning of monsoon. Farm yard manure and watering is required periodically. Generally after 4-5 years, mango plantations do not require any watering as the roots penetrate deep into the soil. The mango tree bears after about five years of its plantation. It starts flowering between November and February and bearing of fruits takes place between March and April. Mango trees last for about 50 years.

The picking is usually done by hand and no scratching is allowed. The fruits are then exposed to air for about 24 hours and then ripened in grass. When they become yellowish they are again exposed to air. The pickles, chutneys, moramba and gulamba made from the unripe mango (kairee), and the ambras (mango juice) and the ambapoii made from tine juice of ripe mango are the most delectable uses of the mango.

Other Fruits.

The other fruit trees such as sweet-lime, orange, lime and guava occupied 53.014; 42.492; 28.733 and 12.545 hectares (131; 195; 71 and 31 acres), respectively in 1961-62. Sweet-lime is grown on well drained heavv soil. Usually bud-grafts are planted in small pits of 0.057 cu. metres (2 cubic feet) each duly filled with silt and good soil, A mixture of 27.216 to 36.287 kg. (60 to 80 lbs.) of farm yard manure. 2.268 kg. (5 lbs.) of bone meal or superphosphate is applied to each plant at the time of its planting. The planting is done 6.096 to 7.620 metres (20 to 25 feet) apart in squares in June-July. Periodical irrigation is also given. The plant bears at the age of four or five years. It flowers during the ambebahar, i.e., in January-February and fruits are ready for harvest in August-September, Orange is grown in fertile garden lands. The requirements of this crop as regards soil, irrigation and cultivation are similar to those of sweet-lime. Lime and guava trees on the other hand occupied a very small area, i.e. 41.278 hectares (102 acres) in 1961.62.

Vegetables.

The principal vegetables of both the varieties, roots tubers and green vegetables in the district include onion, sweet potato, bhendi. brinjal and musk melon. The following table gives the taluka-wise area under vegetables in the district:—

TABLE No 33

TALUKA wise AREA UNDER VEGETABLES IN DHULIA DISTRICT

(1952-53, 1956-57 AND 1961-62)

(In hectares*)

Taluka

Year

Sweet Potato

Onion

Radish

Brinjal

Bhendi

Musk Melon

Dhulia

1952-53

122.215

144.887

--

19.425

36.826

--

(302)

(358)

--

(48)

(91)

--

1956-57

32.375

--

--

10.927

40. 469

48.562

(80)

--

--

(27)

(100)

(120)

1961-62

43.706

261.832

--

29.947

33.994

8.903

(108)

(647)

--

(74)

(84)

(22)

Sindkheda

1952-53

76.486

33.589

3.642

18.616

17.806

12.141

(189)

(83)

(9)

(46)

(44)

(30)

1956-57

86.198

75.272

2.428

27.927

26.305

6.475

(213)

(186)

(6)

(69)

(65)

(16)

1961-62

38.850

50.586

2.023

24.281

21.448

1.619

(96)

(125)

(5)

(60)

(53)

(4)

Shirpur

1952-53

0.809

3.642

1.214

22.258

19.425

--

(2)

(9)

(3)

(55)

(48)

--

1956-57

2.248

1.619

1.619

16.997

26.709

48.967

(6)

(14)

(9)

(42)

(65)

(121)

1961-62

1.214

--

--

22.662

26.305

9.713

(3)

--

--

(56)

(65)

(24)

Sakri

1952-53

44.111

61.108

--

20.234

13.759

--

(109)

(151)

--

(50)

(34)

--

1956-57

17.806

20.639

6.070

6.88O

24.281

1.619

(44)

(51)

(15)

(17)

(60)

(4)

1961-62

14.164

--

--

--

110.074

9.713

(35)

--

--

--

(272)

(24)

Nandurbar

1952-53

55.442

23.472

13.355

--

10.927

53.823

(137)

(58)

(33)

--

(27)

(133)

1956-57

65.154

--

2.428

--

--

--

(161)

--

(6)

--

--

--

1961-62

17.402

28.328

--

14.973

5.261

16.187

(43)

(70)

--

(37)

(13)

(40)

Nawapur

1952-53

--

--

--

28.328

38.445

2.023

--

--

--

(70)

(95)

(5)

1956-57

--

--

--

13.759

53.419

4.047

--

--

--

(34)

(132)

(10)

1961-62

--

2.428

--

16.187

13.355

--

--

(6)

--

(40)

(33)

--

Shahada

1952-53

2.428

16.997

0.405

18.211

12.950

60.298

(6)

(42)

(1)

(45)

(32)

(149)

1956-57

0.809

0.809

2.023

22.258

11.331

61.917

(2)

(2)

(5)

(55)

(28)

(153)

1961-62

1.214

11.331

2.023

21.448

2.833

13.759

(3)

(28)

(5)

(53)

(7)

(34)

*figures in brackets are in acres.

TABLE No. 33-contd.

(In hectares)

[ Figures in brackets are in acres.]

Taluka

Year

Sweet Potato

Onion

Radish

Brinjal

Bhendi

Musk Melon

Taloda

1952-53

20.234

24.281

6.070

20.234

5.261

36.017

(50)

(60)

(15)

(50)

(13)

(89)

1956-57

--

28.733

0.809

8.094

1.619

73.248

--

(71)

(2)

(20)

(4)

(181)

1961-62

--

13.759

0.405

38.90

1.214

25.090

--

(34)

(1)

(22)

(3)

(62)

Akkalkuwa

1952-53

--

2.428

--

4.452

2.833

--

--

(6)

--

(11)

(7)

--

1956-57

--

53.823

--

1.619

0.405

--

--

(133)

--

(4)

(1)

--

1961-62

--

5.261

--

2.023

1.214

--

--

(13)

--

(5)

(3)

--

Akrani Mahal

1952-53

--

--

--

--

10.927

--

--

--

--

--

(27)

--

1956-57

--

3.642

14.164

2.023

25.495

--

--

(9)

(35)

(5)

(63)

--

1961-62

--

--

--

21.448

25.091

--

--

--

--

(53)

(62)

--

 

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