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MISCELLANEOUS OCCUPATIONS
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CAP MAKING
There were 21 establishments of cap-makers in the two towns of
Jalgaon and Amalner at the time of our survey. The total
employment in them was 50 persons, out of whom 35 were
employers and their family members and 15 were paid employees.
Out of 14 establishments in Jalgaon. 13 were situated in Ward
No. V and one in Ward No. I. In Amalner, five were situated in
Ward No. II and one each in Ward Nos. III and IV. The
number of persons employed in the shops in Jalgaon was 38, out
of whom 14 including two children were paid employees. The
same in Amalner shops was 12 persons, out of whom one was a
paid employee. Six establishments (three each in Jalgaon and
Amalner) of different sizes were chosen for the survey.
One establishment in Jalgaon was started in 1929 the other in 1942 and the third in 1945. One of the establishments in Amalner' was started in 1933 and two others in 1945 and 1948. The principal business of these shops was to manufacture and sell caps. In addition, they also sold hosiery goods. Proprietors of all but one establishment in Amalner raised the initial capital from their own resources. One proprietor in Amalner had borrowed a sum of Rs. 2.000 for starting the business but it was found to have been repaid at the time of the survey. The equipment required for this trade consisted of a couple of sewing machines, needles and a few pieces of furniture like a cupboard, a table, benches, etc. The value of equipment each shop possessed varied from Rs. 450 to Rs. 900. The establishments in Jalgaon maintained tools and equipment worth between Rs. 800 and Rs. 900 and those in Amalner between Rs. 450 and Rs. 600. Almost all these shops had one sewing machine each.
Two shops in Amalner were situated in rented premises and one was in owned premises. Rent of one shop was Rs. 6-4-0 and of the other Rs. 12-8-0 per month. Rent of each of the two shops in Jalgaon was Rs. 5 per month and of the third Rs. 33 per month.
The shops in both the towns used electricity for lighting the premises, expenditure on which came to Rs. 15 per month in Jalgaon shops and Rs. 13 per month in Amalner shops. Besides, two establishments in Amalner paid Rs. 3 as water charges, and one in Jalgaon paid Rs. 12 as municipal tax. Others did not pay any tax. One establishment in Amalner spent Rs. 101 on advertisement per year.
Raw materials such as cotton and woollen cloth, embroidery canvas, card-board, thread, etc.. which were brought mostly from Surat. Delhi, Ludhiana and Bombay were consumed by these establishments in the manufacture of caps and hosiery goods. Two shops in Jalgaon consumed raw materials worth about Rs 2.000 per year. The total employment in these shops in Jalgaon was eight persons, out of whom two were paid employees.
One was paid Rs. 32 and the other Rs. 60 per month. Establishrnents in Amalner were exclusively managed by owners with the help of their family members. They worked for eight hours per day.
The net income of an individual establishment varied from Rs. 200 to Rs. 600 per month. Most of the products were sold directly to customers at retail rates in the local market. Business was generally brisk during winter and summer. It was fairly profitable in the case of three establishments and was suffcient to give the normal maintenance in the case of the rest.
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