MISCELLANEOUS OCCUPATIONS

HOTEL KEEPING (RESTAURANTS AND TEA SHOPS)

The total number of restaurants and tea shops in the two towns at the time of survey was 361, out of which 274 were in Jalgaon and 87 in Amalner. Of those in Jalgaon, 106 were situated in Ward No. V, 67 in Ward No. VIII, 28 in Ward No. X. 23 in Ward No. IX. 17 in Ward No. VII, 10 in Ward No. VI, seven each in Wards No. I. II and III and two in Ward No. IV. In Amalner, 33 and 35 were situated in Wards No. I and II. nine each in Wards No. II and V and one in Ward No. IV. The total employment in 361 establishments was 1.536 persons, of whom 832 were paid employees, including 107 children, and 704 were employers and their family members including 40 children and 12 women. In Jalgaon, the total employment in these shops was 1,258, of whom 692 including 104 children were paid employees and 566 including 10 women and 40 children were owners and their family members. In 87 establishments in Amalner, a total of 278 persons were employed, out of whom 140 including three children were paid employees and 138, including two women were employers and their family members. Of the live samples surveyed in Jalgaon two were started in 1951 and 1953. two in 1954, and one in 1946. In Amalner, two were started in 1920 and 1938, three in 1947, one in 1951. The principal occupation of all the establishments was catering tea and snacks, which provided employment throughout the year. The owner of one establishment in Jalgaon and three in Amalner had agriculture as a subsidiary occupation. Three establishments in Jalgaon and two in Amalner had borrowed the necessary initial capital.

Tools and equipment required were tables, chairs, cupboards with glasses, a couple of water-drums, tea sets, plates, brass cups, cooking vessels, cash boxes, ice-cream pots, pictures and mirrors for decoration. Two or three establishments had radio sets, and electric fans. One had a telephone. A big establishment in the sample in Amalner had equipment worth Rs. 3,000; an establishment of medium size worth Rs. 1,000 and of small size worth Rs. 150. In Jalgaon, the total value of equipment each shop had varied from Rs. 500 to Rs. 3,000.

All establishments in the sample in Amalner and Jalgaon were situated in rented premises, rent of each varied from Rs. 25 to Rs. 47 per month in Amalner and from Rs. 30 to Rs. 200 per month in Jalgaon. Besides rent, they spent on water, electricity, municipal licence fee, etc. The total expenditure on all these items per establishment varied from Rs. 15 to Rs. 70 per month in Jalgaon and from Rs. 50 to Rs. 125 in Amalner. Four establishments in Amalner spent Rs. 50 to Rs. 100 on advertising and three in Jalgaon between Rs. 25 and Rs. 200. The expenditure on raw materials, foodgrains, tea, milk, vegetables, oil, etc., which were purchased from the local market in Amalner varied from Rs. 250 to Rs. 1,000 per month and in Jalgaon from Rs. 150 to Rs. 1,200. Five establishments in Jalgaon employed 40 persons and their monthly wages per head varied from Rs. 10 to Rs. 40. Six of them in Amalner employed 43 persons whose wages varied from Rs. 12 to Rs. 45 per month. A cook employed in one of the shops in Amalner was paid Rs. 45 per month and in addition he-was served breakfast. A boy serving tea was paid Rs. 30 with breakfast and boys who served orders, Rs. 15 with breakfast. In Jalgaon, no breakfast was served to these employees. The total hours of working per day were 8 to 9. Establishments sold hot drinks like tea, coffee, cold drinks like soda, lemon, etc., and snacks like bhaji puri, chivada, shev, papadi, batatawada, and sweets like ladu, pedha, barfi, gulab-jamb, etc. One shop in Amalner specialised in shev and chivada. Prices of these articles were fixed according to the quality and quantity of dishes served. In one of the establishments in Jalgaon gulab-jamb and pedhas were sold at Rs. 3 per seer, ladus at Rs. 2 per seer, a cup of tea of 4 ounces at one anna and a special cup at two annas. The net incomes of these establishments varied from season to season. The business was brisk in winter and summer when the income ranged from Rs. 75 to Rs. 800 per month. However, in the slack season, it varied from Rs. 50 to Rs. 300 per month. It was reported that business in live out of 13 establishments was profitable. the others were just maintaining themselves.

Rates of various dishes served in these establishments in Jalgaon were as follows:—

All hot dishes of bhaji, batatawada, shev, chiivada, etc., were sold at two annas each and sweet dishes at three annas each.

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