MISCELLANEOUS OCCUPATIONS

BAKERIES

There were 21 baksries in Satara and Karad, twelve of which were located in Satara and nine in Karad. Most of them in Satara were located in Wards No. III, VII and VIII and only three were located in Wards No. V and VI. In Karad, six were located in Shaniwar and Raviwar peths and three in Somwar, Guruwar and Shukrawar peths. The total employment in these establishments was 52, of whom 28 were paid employees. The total employment in them in Satara was 19, including seven paid employees. Five establishments, two each in Satara and Karad and one in Phaltan, were surveyed.

The two establishments in Satara and one in Karad were started before 20 years. The two in Phaltan and Karad were started before 7 years. They manufactured breads of different sizes, nankataies, biscuits, cakes and butter-breads. The four establishments in Satara and Karad were situated in rented premises and one at Phaltan in owned premises. The rent of the two establishments in Satara was Rs. 6 and Rs. 30 respectively and of the two in Karad Rs. 30 and Rs. 90 per month respectively. In Satara their total expenditure on electricity which was used for lighting was Rs. 21 per month and in Karad Rs. 45 per month. In Phaltan the establishment concerned did not use any electricity. In Satara and Karad they paid Rs. 12 to Rs. 35 per year as Bhath tax.

The equipment of bakeries consisted of an oven, tin trays, small iron sheets, boxes to bake breads, long iron bars, vessels, moulds, cup-boards and baskets for carrying loaves. The establishments in Satara had equipment worth Rs. 600 to Rs. 1,000 and in Karad worth Rs. 2,000 to Rs. 6,000. In Phaltan the surveyed establishment had an equipment worth Rs. 1,000.

The total employment in these establishments was 34, of whom 21 were paid employees. They were paid monthly wages, which varied from Rs. 30 to Rs. 45 per month.

The raw materials required were wheat flour, sugar and hydrogenated oil which were purchased from local markets. The cost of raw materials varied from Rs. 300 to Rs. 600 per month in case of small units and from Rs. 1,500 to Rs. 2,500 in case of large units. One establishment in Karad specialised in manufacturing biscuits.

These establishments employed crude methods for baking breads, as a result of which the margin of profit in them was not very high. They had almost a continuous business throughout the year. These bakeries sold their products to the hotels and restaurants on wholesale basis and to the consumers on retail basis.

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