APPENDIX

APPENDIX I

CONVERSION FACTORS

LENGTH:

1 inch=2.54 centimetres

1 foot=30.48 centimetres

1 yard=91.44 centimetres

1 mile=1.61 kilometres

1 nautical mile (U. K.)=1853.18 metres

1 nautical mile (International)=1852 metres

AREA:

1 square foot=0.093 square metre

1 square yard=0.836 square metre

1 acre=0.405 hectare

VOLUME:

1 cubic foot =0.023 cubic metre

CAPACITY:

1 gallon (Imperial)=4.55 litres

1 seer (80 tolas)=0.937 litre

1 Madras measure=1.77 litres

WEIGHT:

1 tola=11.66 grams

1 Chhatak=58.32grams

1 seer=933.10 grams

1 maund=37.32 kilograms

1 palam=34.99 grams

1 seer (24 tolas)=279.93 grams

1 viss=l.40 kilograms

1 maund (Madras) = 11.20 kilograms

1 candy=223.94 kilograms

1 ounce=28.35 grams

1 pound=453.59 grams

1 hundred weight=50.80 kilograms

1 ton=1016.05 kilograms

TEMPERATURE:

T° Fahrenheit=9/5 (T° Centigrade)+32

METRIC WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

LENGTH:

10 millimetres=1 centimetre

100 centimetres=1 metre

1000 metres=1 kilometre

1852 metres=l nautical mile (International)

AREA:

100 square millimetres=1 square centimetre

10,000 square centimetres=1 square metre or centiare

100 square metres=1 are

100 ares=1 hectare

100 hectares or 1,000,000 square metres=1 square kilometre

VOLUME:

1,000,000 cubic centimetres=l cubic metre

CAPACITY:

1000 millilitres = l litre

1000 litres = 1 kilolitre

WEIGHT:

1000 milligrams=1 gram

1000 grams=1 kilogram

100 kilograms=1 quintal 1000

kilograms=1 tonne

200 milligrams=1 carat

ABBREVIATIONS FOR METRIC UNITS

(1) DECIMAL MULTIPLES AND SUB-MULTIPLES:

Prefix

Value in terms of Unit

Abbreviation

Kilo

1000

k

Centi

0.01(102)

c

tnilli

0.001(103)

m

micro

0.000001(106)

u

(2) WEIGHT:—

Denomination

Value

Abbreviation

tonne

1000 kg.

t

quintal

100 kg

q

kilogram

1 kg.

kg.

gram

lg.

g

milligram

1 mg

mg

carat

200 mg

c

(3) CAPACITY:—

kilolitre

1000 1

kl

litre

11

1

millilitre

1 ml

ml

(4) VOLUME:—

cubic centimetre

cm3

cm3

cubic millimetre

mm3

mm3

(5) LENGTH:—

kilometre

1000 m

km

metre

1 m

m

centimetre

1 cm

cm

millimetre

1 mm

mm

micron

1/1000 mm or 102 mm.

urn

(6) AREA:—

square kilometres

1,000,000 m2

km2

square metre

1m2

m2

square centimetre

1 cm2

cm2

square millimetre

1 mm2

mm2

(7) LAND MEASURE:—

are

100 m2

a

hectare

100 a

ha

centiare

m2

ca

APPENDIX II

A KEY TO DIACRITICAL MARKS

á-आ;  í-ई; ú-ऊ; ṛ-ऋ; c-च् ; ch-छ् ṭ-ट्; ṭh-ठ्; ḍ-ड्; ḍh-ढ् ; n-न्; ń-ङ; ñ-ञ; ņ-ण्; s-स्; ś-श्; ş-ष्; ḷ-ळ्

Current spelling             Diacritical spelling

Current spelling               Diacritical spelling

Abaji Maharaj — Abajl Maharaj.

Bhansali Kutir — Bhansall Kutir.

Abhangas — Abhangas.

Bhatala — Bhatala.

Achakan — Acakan.

Bhikabali — Bhikabali.

Achalpur — Acalpur.

Bhikshavala — Bhiksavala.

Achamana — Acamana.

Bhishnur — Bhisnur.

Acharya Aryanayakam — Acarya Aryanayakam.

Bilhana — Bilhana.

 

Bormal — Bormal.

Ahirs — Ahlrs.

Brahmans — Brahmans.

Airanipradana — Airanipradana.

Burhan-i-Maasir — Burhan-i-Maasir.

Ajanta — Ajanta.

 

Akshat — Aksat.

Chabuk —Cabuk.

Alauddin Khilji —Alauddin Khilji.

Chaitra — Caitra.

Aloda — Aloda.

Chakradhara — Cakradhara.

Amner — Amner.

Chalukyas — Calukyas.

Amoghavarsha I — Amoghavarsa I.

Chamar — Camar.

Amravati — Amravatl.

Chamki — Camkl.

Anantpuja — Anantapuja.

Chanda — Canda.

Anji — Anji.

Chanda Saheb — Canda Sahcb.

Annapras h a n a — Annaprasana.

Chandragupta II — Candragupta II.

Antarapat — Antarapat.

Chandrahar — Candrahar.

Arati — Arati.

Chapati — Capati.

Arvi — Arvi.

Chaplahar — Caplahar.

Ashadhi Paurnima — Asadhi Paurnima.

Chappal — Cappal.

Ashirgad — Asiragad.

Chatani — Catanl.

Ashti — Astl.

Chaturmasa — Caturmasa.

Ashvamedha — Asvamedha.

Chaturvargachintamani — Caturvargacintamani.

Avatar — Avatar.

 

 

Chaukdi — Caukdi.

Bahulc — Bahule.

Chauthai — Cauthai.

Bajajvadi — Bajajvadi.

Chengiz Khan — Cengiz Khan.

Bakulibar — Bakulihar.

Chhatrapati — Chatrapati.

Ballarshah — Ballarsah.

Chimur — Cimur.

Bandi — Bandi.

Chitnavis — Citnavls.

Banjari — Bafijari.

 

Bashim — Basim.

Dadoba Shirke — Dadoba Sirke.

Batu —Batu.

Dahikala — Dahlkala.

Benakatakaswami — Benakatakasvaml.

Dakshinapatha — Daksinapatha

Bhakri — Bhakari.

(Deccan).

Bhandak —. Bhandak.

Dana — Dana.

Bhandara — Bhandara.

Danda Kade — Danda Kade.

Bhang — Bhang.

Dasara — Dasara.

Current spelling            Diacritical spelling

Current spelling          Diacritical spelling

Dashakumarcharit — Dasakumaracarit.

Haritalika — Haritalika.

Dattapur Kushthadham — Dattapur

Hemadpanti — Hemadpanti.

Kustadham.

Heti Kundi — Hetl Kundi.

Dattatraya — Dattatraya.

Hijra — Hijra.

Deoorwada — Deurvada.

Hinganghat — Hinganghat.

Deshastha — Desastha.

Hingani — Hinganl.

Deshpande — Despande.

Holi Ghat Kankana — Holi Ghat

Devaka Pratishtha — Devaka Pratistha.

Karikana.

Devli — Devali.

Holi — Holi.

Dham — Dham.

Homagni — Homagni.

Dhapevada — Dhapevada.

Hukka — Hukka.

Dharma Shastra — Dharma Sastra.

Hurda — Hurda.

Dhimars — Dhimars.

Hyder Baksh-Hyder Baks.

Diwali — Divali.

Idgah — Idgah.

Dudhera — Dudhera.

Id-ul-Azha — Id-ul-Azha.

Ekdani — Ekdanl.

Jambgaon — Jambgariv.

Eknath Maharaj — Eknath Maharaj.

Jamnalal Bajaj — Jamnalal Bajaj.

Ellichpur — Ellicpur.

Jangam — Jangam.

Gandhi Kuti — Gandhi Kuti.

Janmashtami — Janmastami.

Ganesh Chaturthi — Ganes Caturthi.

Jate — Jate.

Ganja — Ganja.

Jatkarma — Jatkarma.

Garbhadhana — Garbhadhana.

Jaurvada — Jaurvada.

Garpagari — Garpagari.

Javal or Chuda Karma — Javal or

Garpit — Garpit.

Cuda Karma.

Gathasaptshati — Gathasaptsati.

Jhaga — Jhaga.

Gavilgad — Gavilgad.

Jondhalipota — Jondhalipota.

Ghatasthapana — Ghatasthapana.

Kaikadis — Kaikadis.

Ghatoia — Ghatoia.

Kalima — Kalima.

Ghorad — Ghorad.

Kanhabenna — Kanhabenna (Kanhan).

Gidhoba — Gidhoba.

Kankana — Karikana.

Girad — Girad.

Kanyadan — Kanyadan.

Gokulashtami — Gokulastami.

Kap — Kap.

Gondhali — Gondhali.

Kapilashashthi — Kapilasasthi.

Gondi — Gondi.

Kapshi — Kapsl.

Gonds — Gonds.

Karanja — Karanja.

Grampanchayat — Grampancayat.

Karnatak — Karnataka.

Grihastha — Grhastha.

Karnavedha — Karnavedha.

Gudhi Padava — Gudhi-Padava.

Kasba — Kasba.

Gujarati — Gujarati.

Kavtha — Kavatha.

Gunadhya — Gunadhya.

Kelavana — Kelavana.

Hala — Hala.

Kelzar — Kelzar.

Halad — Halad.

Khandoba — Khandoba.

Haldikunku — Haldikunku.

Kholeshvara — Kholeivara.

Harishena — Harisena.

Khuda Baksh — Khuda Baks.

Current spelling         Diacritical spelling

Current spelling               Diacritical spelling

Kinkrant — Kinkrant.

Marwadi — Marwadl.

Kolami — Kolami.

Matrika Pujan — Matrka Pujan.

Kolhapuri Saj — Kolhapuri Saj.

Mitakshara — Mitaksara.

Koshimbir — Kosimbir.

Morshi — Morsi.

Koshti — Kosti.

Mugvat — Mugvat.

Krishna — Krsna.

Mundase — Mundase.

Krishnaji Shinde — Krsnaji &nde.

Munja — Munja.

Krishnaraja — Krsnaraja.

Murni — Murni.

Kudi — Kudi.

Nachangaon — Nacanganv.

Kumbhars — Kumbhars.

Nagpanchami — Nagpancaml

Kunbis — Kunbis.

Nahapana — Nahapana.

Kundinapura — Kundinapura.

Namdheya — Namdheya.

Lajahoma — Lajahoma.

Naneghat — Naneghat.

 Lakshmi Narayan — Laksmi Narayan.

Narayan — Narayan.

Lakshmi Pujan — Laksmi Pujan.

Narayanpur — Narayanpur.

Lalba Dadba Bidkar — Lalba Dadba Bidkar.

Navaratra — Navaratra.

Laphpha — Laphpha.

Pairan — Pairan.

Linga — Linga.

Panigrahan — Panigrahana.

Lingayats — Lifigayats.

Pansupari — Pansupari.

Lonche — Lonce.

Papad — Papad.

Madhyanha Sandhya — Madhyanha Sandhya.

Paragana — Paragana.

Maganvadi — Maganvadi.

Pavnar — Pavnar.

Mahabharat — Mahabharat.

Payajama — Payajama.

Maha Ekadashi — Maha Ekadasl.

Peth — Peth.

Maharashtra — Maharastra.

Phodani — Phodanl.

Mahars — Mahars.

Pimpalkhuta — Pimpalkhuta.

Mahashivratri — Mahasivaratri.

Pindas — Pindas.

Mahmud Gawan — Mahmud Gavan.

Pitripaksha — Pitrpaksa.

Malis — Malis.

Pochi — Pod.

 Mananka — Mananka.

Pohehar — Pohehar.

Manbhav — Manbhav.

Pohna — Pohna.

 Mang — Mafig.

Poli — Poli.

Mangala Gauri — Manga'a Gauri.

Polka — Polka.

Mangalashtakas — Maiigalastakas.

Prabhavatigupta — Prabhavatlgupta.

Mangalesha — Mangalesa.

Prithivishena I — Prthivlsena-I.

Mangalsutra — Maiigalsutra.

Pumsavan Samskara — Pumsavana Samskara.

Mantragni — Mantragni.

Punyahavachan — Punyahavacana.

Marathas — Marathas.

Purushottamapuri — Purusottamapuri.

Marathi — Marathi.

Putalyanchi Mal — Putalyafici Mal.

Margashirsha — Margaslrsa.

Ramachandra — Ramacandra.

Markand — Markand.

Ramtek — Ramtek.

Maruti — Maruti.

Ramzan — Ramzan.

Ramzan Id — Ramzan Id.

Current spelling              Diacritical spelling

Current spelling               Diacritical spelling

Rashtrakuta — Rastrakuta.

Simantapujana — Simantapujana.

Rigveda — Rgveda.

Smritis — Smrtis.

Roza — Roza.

Sodmunj — Sodmunj.

Rishipanchami — Rsipancarm.

Sola Somvar Vrata — Sola Somvar Vrata.

Rudreshwar — Rudresvar.

 

Subhamandap — Subhamandap.

Sutraveshtana — Sutravestana.

Sadara — Sadara.

Telegaon — Telegariv.

Salakadas — Salakadas.

Tanmani — Tanmani.

Salgirah — Salgirah.

Tirth Prasad — Tilth Prasad.

Sandge — Sandge.

Trishula — Trisula.

Sanskrit — Sanskrt.

Uparane — Uparane.

Sarangpur — Sarangpur.

Uttarakanda — Uttarakanda.

Sardeshmukhi — Sardesmukhl.

 

Satakarni — Satakarni.

Vaghya — Vaghya.

Satavahana — Satavahana.

Vagnishchaya — Vagniscaya.

Satyanarayan — Satyanarayana.

Vakatakas — Vakatakas.

Sayam Sandhya — Sayam Sandhya.

Varadakshina — Varadaksina.

Sena Saheb Subha — Sena Saheb Subha.

Varapaksha — Varapaksa.

Sevagram — Sevagram.

Vadhupaksha — Vadhupaksa.

Shah — Sah.

Varat — Varat.

Shahu — Sahu.

Vedishri — Vedisri.

Shaktishri-Saktisri.

Vijayadashami — Vijayadasaml.

Shendur — Sendur.

Vijnaneshvara — Vijnanesvara.

Shia — Sia

Vikramankadevacharita — Vikramari-

Shivaji — Shivaji.

kadevacarita.

Shiva Mutha — Siva Mutha.

Vivaha — Vivaha.

Shraddha — Sraddha.

Waigaon — Vaiganv.

Shrimuka — Srimuka (Simuka).

Wardha — Wardha.

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