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AGRICULTURE AND IRRIGATION
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CONDIMENTS AND SPICES.
The condiments and spices grown in the district mainly include chillis, turmeric, coriander and garlic. Of these, chilli crop is most important. The following table Nos. 15 and 16 give acreage and outturn of condiments and spices from 1957 58 to 1965-66 in the district. In what follows is the description of important condiments and spices which are produced in the district.
TABLE No. 15
AREA UNDER CONDIMENTS AND SPICKS (TAHSIL-WISE) IN YEOTMAL DISTRICT FROM 1957-58 TO 1965-66
(In Acres) |
Tahsil |
Year |
Chillis |
Ginger |
Tur-meric |
Cori-ander |
Cumin |
Garlic |
Fenu-greek |
Other condim-ents and spices |
Total condi-ments and spices | |
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5) |
(6) |
(7) |
(8) |
(9) |
(10) |
(11) |
|
Yeotmal |
1957-58 |
2,167 |
-- |
5 |
81 |
-- |
17 |
22 |
52 |
2,344 |
1959-60 |
1,251 |
-- |
-- |
64 |
-- |
16 |
13 |
36 |
1,380 |
1961-62 |
1,532 |
-- |
4 |
1 |
-- |
8 |
12 |
35 |
1,592 |
1963-64 |
1,806 |
-- |
1 |
38 |
-- |
17 |
12 |
6 |
1,880 |
1965-66 |
1,660 |
-- |
2 |
35 |
-- |
9 |
4 |
1 |
1,711 |
|
Darwha |
1957-58 |
2,060 |
-- |
3 |
18 |
-- |
16 |
23 |
21 |
2,141 |
1959-60 |
1,768 |
-- |
7 |
14 |
-- |
18 |
15 |
-- |
1,822 |
1961-62 |
2,074 |
-- |
-- |
31 |
-- |
26 |
58 |
7 |
2,196 |
1963-64 |
1,998 |
2 |
5 |
4 |
-- |
26 |
32 |
15 |
2,082 |
1965-66 |
2,500 |
-- |
17 |
4 |
-- |
50 |
43 |
-- |
2.614 |
|
Pusad |
1957-58 |
1,613 |
1 |
31 |
67 |
7 |
34 |
11 |
-- |
1,764 |
1959-60 |
1,474 |
-- |
14 |
33 |
-- |
71 |
21 |
185 |
1.798 |
1961-62 |
1,569 |
-- |
15 |
29 |
-- |
53 |
34 |
6 |
1,706 |
1963-64 |
1,880 |
1 |
17 |
7 |
-- |
46 |
46 |
-- |
1,997 |
1965-66 |
2,204 |
2 |
85 |
2 |
12 |
38 |
16 |
21 |
2,380 |
|
Kelapur |
1957-58 |
1,728 |
-- |
11 |
69 |
-- |
33 |
29 |
-- |
1,890 |
1959-60 |
986 |
-- |
5 |
59 |
-- |
20 |
6 |
1 |
1,077 |
1961-62 |
2,062 |
-- |
8 |
59 |
-- |
26 |
18 |
6 |
2,179 |
1963-64 |
2,030 |
-- |
7 |
32 |
-- |
47 |
-- |
14 |
2,130 |
1965-66 |
2,128 |
-- |
7 |
35 |
-- |
17 |
24 |
12 |
2,223 |
|
Wani |
1957-58 |
1,680 |
-- |
-- |
91 |
-- |
16 |
9 |
35 |
1,831 |
1959-60 |
1,562 |
-- |
16 |
149 |
-- |
10 |
18 |
-- |
1,755 |
1961-62 |
1,643 |
-- |
3 |
148 |
-- |
14 |
8 |
-- |
1,816 |
1963-64 |
1,720 |
-- |
2 |
68 |
-- |
26 |
47 |
3 |
1,866 |
1965-66 |
1,795 |
-- |
-- |
75 |
2 |
20 |
59 |
35 |
1,986 |
|
District Total |
1957-58 |
9,248 |
1 |
50 |
326 |
7 |
136 |
94 |
108 |
9,970 |
1959-60 |
7,041 |
-- |
42 |
319 |
-- |
135 |
73 |
222 |
7,832 |
1961-62 |
8,880 |
-- |
30 |
268 |
-- |
127 |
130 |
54 |
9,489 |
1963-64 |
9,434 |
3 |
32 |
149 |
-- |
162 |
137 |
38 |
9,955 |
1965-66 |
10,287 |
2 |
111 |
151 |
14 |
134 |
146 |
69 |
10,914 |
TABLE No. 16
OUT TURN OF CONDIMENTS AND SPICES (TAHSIL-WISE) IN YEOTMAL DISTRICT FROM 1957-58 TO 1963-64
(In tons) |
Tahsil |
Year |
Chillis |
Ginger |
Turmeric |
Total condiments and spices | |
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5) |
(6) |
Yeotmal |
1957-58 |
500 |
-- |
-- |
500 |
1959-60 |
175 |
-- |
-- |
175 |
1961-62 |
271 |
-- |
-- |
271 |
1963-64 |
602 |
-- |
-- |
602 |
Darwha |
1957-58 |
381 |
-- |
-- |
381 |
1959-60 |
247 |
-- |
-- |
247 |
1961-62 |
378 |
-- |
-- |
378 |
1963-64 |
455 |
1 |
-- |
456 |
Pusad |
1957-58 |
253 |
1 |
33 |
287 |
1959-60 |
206 |
-- |
-- |
206 |
1961-62 |
245 |
-- |
-- |
245 |
1963-64 |
352 |
-- |
-- |
352 |
Kelapur |
1957-58 |
292 |
-- |
-- |
292 |
1959-60 |
165 |
-- |
-- |
165 |
1961-62 |
376 |
-- |
-- |
376 |
1963-64 |
569 |
-- |
-- |
369 |
| Wani |
1957-58 |
255 |
-- |
9 |
264 |
1959-60 |
305 |
-- |
-- |
305 |
1961-62 |
257 |
-- |
-- |
257 |
1963-64 |
445 |
-- |
-- |
445 |
District Total |
1957-58 |
1,681 |
1 |
42 |
1,724 |
1959-60 |
1,098 |
-- |
-- |
1,098 |
1961-62 |
1,527 |
-- |
-- |
1,527 |
1963-64 |
2,423 |
1 |
-- |
2,424 |
Chillis.
Chillis are grown all over the district. It can be seen from the
table that the area under this crop since 1957-58 has remained the same with the exception of the years 1959-60 and 1961-62 when it reached a low acreage. The chilli crop in the district is grown both as an irrigated as well as a rainfed crop. The seedlings are first grown on well prepared and raised seed beds in June and are transplanted in the field after about a month.
Before transplanting the seedlings the land is well prepared by harrowing and ploughing. Chillis thrive well on black as well as medium black soil. Green chillis are ready for plucking from September onwards. It" required, green chillis are harvested three to four times in a month. Red chillis are picked four to five times during the whole season which usually lasts till the end of December. The irrigated crop lasts longer than the un-irrigated one and its yield is also higher than that of unirrigated crop. Lawangi and dhobali are the two main varieties of chilli crop grown in the district.
Coriander.
Next in importance is coriander. The total area under this crop in the district in 1965-66 was 151 acres. In that year the crop was mostly grown in Wani, Kelapur and Yeotmal tahsils. It thrives well in black clayey and red loamy soils. It is grown both for its seed, ethane, and green leaves, kothimbir. For vegetable it is grown at any time of the year, but when raised for seed it is sown in September. The soil is prepared in the same way as for jowar with which it is cultivated. The seed is usually drilled in the soil after some rows of jowar. The crop becomes ready for harvesting after about three to four months when it is uprooted and brought to the threshing floor and stocked. Threshing is done by trampling under the feet of a team of oxen or by beating with sticks. The crop is generally cultivated for its seed and to a small extent for its green leaves which are widely used as vegetable and for flavouring many dishes.
Garlic.
It is cultivated on a very small area in the district. In 1965-66, it occupied an area of 134 acres. Of this acreage Darwha and Pusad tahsils accounted for 50 acres and 38 acres, respectively. Generally this crop is grown alone and always as a cold weather and irrigated crop. The crop gives hest returns in well drained, moderately clayey loams and black soils. The garlic bulb is separated into small bulbs which constitute the main. These bulbs are broadcast in October in specially prepared beds. Such beds are suitable for giving irrigation. The crop is weeded two to three times. It requires irrigation at intervals of 10 to 12 days. The crop becomes ready for harvesting after about 5 months when it is either uprooted by hand or with a very light pick-axe. Garlic is extensively used as a condiment or a spice in chutney, vegetables, curries and pickles.
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